Table 3.
Clinical information for the patients with epilepsy who underwent IAP and fMRI
| Age | Age of onset | Sex | EHI | Seizure onset | Structural MRI | Etiology/risk factor | LI |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VG | SDTD | IAP | ||||||||
| 1 | 24 | 14 | F | 88 | R MT | R MTS | Febrile seizures | 0.67 | 0.41 | 0.69 |
| 2 | 38 | 4 | F | 100 | R MT | Bilateral hippocampal volume loss R > L; no signal change | Febrile seizures | 0.54 | 0.78 | 0.77 |
| 3 | 30 | 11 | M | 100 | R temporal | R posterior temporal DNET | DNET | 0.71 | 0.66 | 0.92 |
| 4 | 52 | 36 | M | 85 | Bitemporal | L MTS | Meningitis | 0.67 | 0.45 | 0.84 |
| 5 | 51 | <1 | M | 100 | L MT | s/p L lateral temporal resection/L MTS | Perinatal insult | 0.16 | 0.40 | 0.46 |
| 6 | 51 | 5 | M | 33 | L MT | L MTS | Febrile seizures | −0.83 | −0.84 | −0.23 |
| 7 | 17 | 16 | F | 58 | R MT | R temporal tip ring-enhancing lesion | Lesion | 0.40 | 0.20 | 0.92 |
| 8 | 39 | 5 | F | 100 | R temporal | R hemispheric atrophy | Meningitis | 1.00 | 0.57 | 0.33 |
| 9 | 30 | 9 | F | 100 | R MT | R MTS | Febrile seizures | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.46 |
| 10 | 33 | 19 | F | 67 | L MT | Normal | None | 0.54 | 0.03 | 0.27 |
| 11 | 39 | 20 | F | −50 | L MT | Normal | None | −0.33 | −0.09 | −0.54 |
| 12 | 53 | 13 | M | 100 | R MT | R MTS | Meningitis | 0.14 | 0.41 | 0.77 |
| 13 | 47 | 27 | M | 100 | R MT | R MTS | None | 1.00 | −0.03 | 0.69 |
| 14 | 21 | 2 | M | 91 | R temporal | R posterior medial lesion | Lesion | 0.60 | 0.96 | 1.00 |
| 15 | 21 | 14 | F | 52 | L temporal | Normal | None | 0.75 | 0.84 | 0.84 |
| 16 | 43 | 2 | M | −89 | L temporal | L lateral ventricle enlargement/L MTS | None | −0.90 | −0.68 | −1.00 |
| 17 | 35 | 1 | M | 100 | L MT | L MTS | Premature 11 weeks | −0.60 | 0.49 | 0.39 |
| 18 | 20 | 15 | M | 100 | L parietotemporal | L posterior hippocampal DNET | Lesion | 0.94 | 0.19 | 1.00 |
| 19 | 35 | 9 | F | 83 | R MT | R anterior temporal resection/residual hippocampus remaining | Febrile seizures | 0.81 | 0.88 | 0.77 |
| 20 | 33 | 19 | F | 83 | L frontal | L frontal arachnoid cyst | Cyst; s/p shunting | −0.50 | −0.10 | 0.38 |
| 21 | 41 | 7 | F | 100 | R MT | R MTS | Febrile seizures | 0.15 | 0.28 | 1.00 |
| 22 | 27 | 17 | M | 100 | L MT | Posttraumatic white matter changes | TBI | 0.70 | 0.27 | 0.77 |
| 23 | 22 | <1 | F | 100 | R frontotemporal | R cerebral hemispheric atrophy | Meningitis and stroke at 3 weeks of age | 0.53 | 0.12 | 0.77 |
| 24 | 46 | 40 | M | 75 | L MT | L MTS | TBI | −0.29 | 0.1 | 0.08 |
| 25 | 22 | 4 | F | 73 | R temporal | R MTS | TBI | 0.47 | 0.54 | 1.00 |
| 26 | 49 | 27 | F | 100 | L MT | L medial temporal glioma | Lesion | 0.83 | 0.85 | 0.47 |
| 27 | 28 | 27 | F | −100 | R MT | R MTS | Thyroiditis-related encephalopathy | −0.24 | −0.15 | |
| 28 | 41 | 36 | F | 100 | L temporal | L anterior temporal cortical dysplasia | Lesion | 0.94 | 0.59 | 0.62 |
Note. N = 28; one patient underwent the fMRI/VG task only due to difficulties with understanding the SDTD task; the patient is a non-native English speaker. Patients 1−11 underwent fMRI at 3 T, and the remaining patients, at 4 T. Not included in the table are patients who did not undergo IAP (N = 10). Of these 10 subjects, 8 decided not to undergo further evaluation for epilepsy surgery,1 subject was allergic to barbiturates (the decision regarding surgery was based on fMRI results), and 1 subject underwent IAP and fMRI but could not hear the prompts for language tasks and, hence, his fMRI data were excluded from analysis. MT, mesial temporal lobe; MTS, mesial temporal sclerosis; DNET, dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor; s/p, status post.