Table 1.

Concentrations of phenolic compounds and condensed tannins in non-inoculated and mycorrhizal silver birches

Leaves		Clone	Lines
	T	A	23	44	65
Cinnamic acid derivatives	c	2.48 ± 0.44 a	2.12 ± 0.57 a	2.21 ± 0.37 a	2.30 ± 0.43 a
	ECM	2.84 ± 0.71 a	2.35 ± 0.72 a	2.35 ± 0.41 a	2.50 ± 0.54 a
Flavonoids	c	26.14 ± 4.00 a	30.67 ± 8.64 a	28.85 ± 2.14 a	30.87 ± 8.68 a
	ECM	27.07 ± 7.36 a	25.38 ± 9.78 a	25.80 ± 5.25 a	29.71 ± 5.80 a
Apigenin derivatives	c	0.20 ± 0.12 a	0.31 ± 0.10 a	0.31 ± 0.09 a	0.43 ± 0.25 a
	ECM	0.40 ± 0.21 a	0.19 ± 0.11 a	0.24 ± 0.07 a	0.39 ± 0.12 a
Kaempherol derivatives	c	0.85 ± 0.13 a	0.71 ± 0.23 a	0.90 ± 0.19 a	0.68 ± 0.20 a
	ECM	0.83 ± 0.14 a	0.73 ± 0.22 a	0.97 ± 0.13 a	0.69 ± 0.06 a
Myricetin derivatives	c	18.31 ± 3.58 a	22.81 ± 6.34 a	21.77 ± 1.75 a	21.66 ± 6.11 a
	ECM	18.83 ± 5.04 a	18.40 ± 8.20 a	17.90 ± 4.30 a	20.17 ± 4.54 a
Quercetin derivatives	c	5.19 ± 1.34 a	6.34 ± 2.12 a	5.43 ± 1.45 a	7.05 ± 1.64 a
	ECM	6.38 ± 1.52 a	5.52 ± 1.98 a	5.84 ± 1.18 a	7.20 ± 1.19 a
Condensed tannins	c	160.41 ± 24.97 a	142.87 ± 47.63 a	127.54 ± 34.23 a	154.82 ± 28.44 a
	ECM	142.40 ± 68.98 a	106.7 ± 22.57 a	149.21 ± 24.76 a	142.32 ± 62.23 a
p-OH-cinnamic acid derivatives	c	3.21 ± 0.47 a	1.84 ± 0.49 b	2.46 ± 0,32 ab	2.71 ± 0.61 ab
	ECM	3.10 ± 0.36 ac	2.22 ± 0.71 bc	2.42 ± 0.32 ac	2.42 ± 0.38 ab
Stems		Clone	Lines
	T	A	23	44	65
Cinnamic acid derivatives	c	2.68 ± 0.68 a	1.37 ± 0.28 b	1.33 ± 0.25 b	1.65 ± 0.37 bc
	ECM	2.33 ± 0.33 ac	1.46 ± 0.18 b	1.27 ± 0.30 b	1.18 ± 0.20 b
Flavonoids	c	14.33 ± 1.74 ab	11.43 ± 1.49 ab	10.23 ± 1.43 b	13.79 ± 2.81 ab
	ECM	14.60 ± 2.12 a	12.38 ± 1.89 ab	10.77 ± 2.37 ab	11.18 ± 1.47 ab
Phenolic glycosides	c	16.86 ± 1.46 ab	19.48 ± 0.81 ab	18.18 ± 2.22 ab	22.67 ± 5.31 b
	ECM	15.40 ± 2.74 a	20.61 ± 2.29 ab	20.61 ± 2.29 ab	17.37 ± 5.29 ab
Condensed tannins	c	108.57 ± 50.76 a	138.57 ± 13.52 a	137.43 ± 13.72 a	141.47 ± 16.70 a
	ECM	144.82 ± 19.68 a	132.86 ± 11.23 a	131.90 ± 9.26 a	130.32 ± 12.55 a
Roots		Clone	Lines
	T	A	23	44	65
Cinnamic acid derivatives	c	0.71 ± 0.33 a	0.17 ± 00.05 a	0.17 ± 0.10 a	0.37 ± 0.23 a
	ECM	0.53 ± 0.30 a	0.19 ± 0.02 a	0.20 ± 0.13 a	0.24 ± 0.14 a
Flavonoids	c	11.39 ± 0.62 a	9.45 ± 1.83 a	8.41 ± 1.93 a	8.26 ± 2.26 a
	ECM	11.24 ± 2.78 a	12.10 ± 2.55 a	7.88 ± 2.91 a	7.21 ± 1.25 a
Gallo/Ellagitannins	c	0.06 ± 0.01 a	0.32 ± 0.24 a	0.28 ± 0.09 a	0.12 ± 0.06 a
	ECM	0.11 ± 0.06 a	0.36 ± 0.08 a	0.23 ± 0.12 a	0.15 ± 0.13 a
Condensed tannins	c	130.50 ± 22.43 a	113.87 ± 17.86 a	106.92 ± 27.75 a	112.24 ± 8.94 a
	ECM	126.09 ± 6.80 a	116.24 ± 10.11 a	108.47 ± 5.62 a	100.46 ± 2.24 a
Condensed tannin precursors	c	35.07 ± 5.81 ab	31.44 ± 7.15 ab	28.60 ± 5.50 ab	28.50 ± 3.81 ab
	ECM	37.20 ± 9.43 ac	41.92 ± 10.62 a	20.38 ± 6.70 b	25.44 ± 2.21 bc

Concentrations (mg/DW g) of phenolic compounds and condensed tannins in the leaf, stem and root samples of silver birch clone A and PtCOMT-modified lines 23, 44 and 65 after 8 weeks in co-culture with P. involutus. Values are means ± standard deviations in the presence (ECM) or absence (c) of the fungus. Different letters following the values denote significant differences (P < 0.05) between the non-inoculated and mycorrhizal plants within the line/clone and between lines/clone within the fungal treatment according to the Kruskal-Wallis test combined with the Wilcoxon rank sum test with the Benjamini & Hochberg correction or the one-way or two-way Anova combined with Tukey's honestly significant difference test or with the two-sample t-test with the Benjamini & Hochberg correction. For statistical testing the leaf apigenin derivatives were square root, stem cinnamic acid derivatives log 10 and root condensed tannins square transformed. Number of replicates 4-7.