Table 2. Summary of statistics used to test the influence of growth site (phenotypic plasticity) and seed source (ecotypic variation) on leaf size and shape in Acer rubrum.

	Growth site		Seed source		Growth × seed
Variable	F[1, 149]	P	F[3, 149]	P	F[3, 149]	P
Leaf dissection
Shape factor	6.7	0.011	34.3	<0.001	2.0	0.11
Compactness	8.5	0.004	33.9	<0.001	2.0	0.12
Perimeter ratio	13.7	<0.001	21.4	<0.001	1.3	0.27
Tooth number
Number of teeth	21.4	<0.001	40.8	<0.001	2.5	0.06
Number of teeth / leaf perimeter (cm−1)	6.8	0.01	18.1	<0.001	2.0	0.11
Number of teeth / leaf area (cm−2)	4.5	0.04	21.8	<0.001	1.3	0.28
Leaf and tooth size
Leaf area (cm2)	0.61	0.44	0.32	0.81	1.3	0.26
Tooth area (cm2)	2.8	0.10	0.23	0.88	2.3	0.08
Average area of a single tooth (cm2)	0.94	0.33	15.1	<0.001	4.4	0.006
Tooth area / leaf perimeter (cm)	0.91	0.34	3.5	0.02	1.2	0.32
Tooth area / leaf area	2.1	0.15	0.12	0.95	0.15	0.93

Note.—Variables are grouped by relatedness to leaf dissection, tooth number, or leaf and tooth size. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) used for all tests; ‘growth site’ and ‘seed source’ test for no differences in a leaf variable between the two sites of growth and among plants with different seed sources, respectively; ‘growth × seed’ tests for no differences in a leaf variable due to the interaction between growth site and seed source; outcomes indicating significant differences (P<0.05) are in bold.