TABLE 1.
PAEs of ceftaroline against 15 strains
| Organism and strain description (no.) | MIC (μg/ml) | PAE (h) | Effect (h) ata:
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.2 × MIC
|
0.3 × MIC
|
0.4 × MIC
|
||||||
| SMEc | PA-SMEd | SME | PA-SME | SME | PA-SME | |||
| Streptococcus pneumoniaeb | ||||||||
| Penicillin sensitive (s502) | 0.008 | 1.8, 1.8 | 0.0, 0.0 | 2.7, 3.5 | 0.3, 0.7 | 3.5, 4.7 | 2.5, 2.7 | 4.5, 6.7 |
| Penicillin sensitive (ATCC 49619) | 0.016 | 1.8, 1.6 | 0.2, 0.8 | 4.1, 4.7 | 0.7, 1.1 | 5.9, 6.1 | 0.8, 1.4 | 7.2, 8.4 |
| Penicillin intermediate (s1234) | 0.12 | 0.8, 0.7 | 0.0, 0.3 | 1.4, 1.7 | 0.0, 0.5 | 1.8, 2.3 | 0.6, 0.7 | 2.5, 3.3 |
| Penicillin and erythromycin resistant (37) | 0.25 | 1.5, 1.5 | 0.5, 0.7 | 1.9, 2.2 | 0.5, 1.1 | 3.0, 4.4 | 0.5, 2.2 | 3.7, 4.7 |
| Staphylococcus aureus | ||||||||
| Methicillin sensitive | ||||||||
| Vancomycin sensitive (ATCC 29213) | 0.25 | 1.0, 1.1 | 0.2, 0.3 | 2.5, 2.6 | 0.8, 1.1 | 4.5, 4.8 | 2.8, 4.5 | >10.5, 10.8 |
| Vancomycin sensitive (sox1) | 0.25 | 0.8, 1.6 | 0.2, 0.6 | 2.2, 2.4 | 0.9, 1.2 | 3.6, 4.2 | 1.6, 1.8 | 6.2, 7.6 |
| Methicillin resistant | ||||||||
| Vancomycin sensitive (vs1) | 0.5 | 1.2, 1.3 | 0.4, 0.7 | 2.7, 3.7 | 0.7, 1.0 | 4.7, 5.5 | 1.2, 1.5 | 6.7, 7.8 |
| Vancomycin heterointermediate (618) | 2.0 | 0.7, 2.1 | 0.0, 0.0 | 2.2, 3.2 | 0.0, 0.2 | 2.7, 3.8 | 0, 0.7 | 2.9, 4.3 |
| Vancomycin intermediate (770) | 1.0 | 1.3, 2.0 | 0.3, 0.9 | 1.5, 2.0 | 0.5, 1.0 | 5.0, 5.2 | 0.6, 1.5 | 7.1, 8.0 |
| Vancomycin resistant (510) | 0.5 | 1.4, 2.2 | 0.0, 0.5 | 5.4, 6.7 | 0.7, 1.8 | 9.1, >10.0 | 1.3, 2.0 | >10.0, >10.4 |
| Enterococcus faecium | ||||||||
| Vancomycin sensitive (10) | 0.5 | 0.5, 0.6 | 0.8, 1.2 | 3.2, 4.5 | 1.5, 1.9 | 6.6, 7.0 | 1.8, 2.3 | 8.5, 10.6 |
| Vancomycin sensitive (20) | 0.5 | 0.5, 0.9 | 0.9, 1.6 | 4.1, 4.5 | 1.3, 2.0 | 8.6, 9.3 | 3.6, 4.2 | 10.5, 10.6 |
| Enterococcus faecalis | ||||||||
| Vancomycin sensitive (ATCC 29212) | 1.0 | 0.8, 0.9 | 3.1, 3.2 | 7.6, 8.6 | 3.6, 4.6 | >10.6, >10.6 | 10.0, 10.8 | >10.6, >10.6 |
| Vancomycin resistant (266) | 2.0 | 0.9, 1.1 | 1.4, 1.8 | 8.3, 8.6 | 1.8, 2.0 | >10.3, >10.6 | 9.5, 10.6 | >10.3, >10.6 |
| Vancomycin resistant (609) | 1.0 | 0.2, 1.0 | 1.4, 1.4 | 3.0, 3.4 | 1.4, 1.7 | 3.3, 4.9 | 2.2, 2.5 | 7.9, 7.9 |
a
Values were obtained in two separate experiments. Strains were exposed to 10 times the MIC of ceftaroline (see the text) for 1 h at 35oC. The drug's activity was removed by 1:1,000 dilution.
b
Parenteral (nonmeningitis) pneumococcal penicillin G breakpoint isolates (4).
c
The strains had not previously been exposed to ceftaroline.
d
The strains had previously been exposed to ceftaroline.