(A) Survival of mice given a single dose of ethanol (wt, circle, n=5; Foxo4 KO, star, n=5) or TNBS enema (wt, solid triangle, n=9; Foxo4 KO, solid diamond, n=12). (B) Macroscopic changes of colons of WT (top panel) and Foxo4 KO mice (lower panel) 4 days after the initial rectal TNBS administration. (C) H&E staining of colonic morphology in control and TNBS-treated WT and Foxo4 KO mice. In TNBS-treated Foxo4 KO mice, there is a significant increase in lymphocytic infiltration (black arrows), loss of goblet cells (arrow heads), and thickening of vascular wall (double arrow heads). (D) The inflammation in C was quantified as colitis score (n=6 ± SEM for each genotype, *, p<0.05).