Figure 1.
Phase contrast light microscopy images of Thp1 cells. (a) Cells after adding 460 nM HcpA. An arrow in the magnified insert indicates filopodia. (b) Cells after adding flow-through buffer at an equal dilution. (c) Given are the numbers of cells with star-like morphologies after treatment with 120 nM HcpA, HcpC, PMA, or flow-through buffer. P-values for the comparison between buffer-treated cells and cells treated with HcpA, HcpC and PMA are 1.9·10−5, 0.10, and 1.2·10−4, respectively. Cells with star-like morphologies were counted at six representative surface areas (0.64 mm2 each).