IDV-NP-BMM does not affect neural morphology. Neuronal immunostaining for NF, which included both the NF and p-NF forms, was performed in brain tissue sections of SCID mice 3 days after a single intravenous injection of rDHPE-IDV-NP-BMM (A). SCID mice were intracranially injected with saline, MDM or HIV-1 infected MDM. Serial 25 µm frozen brain tissue sections were stained with antibodies to NF (green). Spatial relationships between NF+ axon loss and p-NF neuronal body accumulation in viral infection were determined by confocal image analysis. The local rDHPE-IDV-NP-BMM (red) distribution showed no changes in NF+ axon loss and p-NF accumulation compared to three groups of animals that did not receive treatment. Original magnification, 200 X. Quantitative image analyses was used to assess immunostaining of NF (B), p-NF (C), GFAP (D) and Iba-1 (E). Absolute number of p-NF+ neuronal bodies was counted in HIVE mice with or without IDV-NP-BMM treatment. These results showed that there was no relationship between IDV-NP-BMM levels to either neuronal injury or neuroinflammatory responses. IDV* represents rDHPE-IDV-NP-BMM.