(A) LX-2 cells were incubated with AB for 6 hours and cytochrome c assay was used to evaluate ROS production. Phagocytosis of AB induced 2.2±0.4-fold of superoxide activity compared to control. N=4, *p<0.05. (B) LX-2 cells were exposed to AB with or without apocynin (NADPH oxidase inhibitor), AG490 or LY294002, and the cell lysates were collected for immunoblotting using antibodies to phosho-Akt and total Akt. AB transiently induced Akt phosphorylation, which was blocked by apocynin and LY294002 respectively, but not AG490.