Table 1.
Baseline demographics
| Overall (N = 368) | Atenolola | HCTZa | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black (n = 72) | White (n = 103) | Black (n = 80) | White (n = 101) | ATEN vs. HCTZ | Black vs. White | ||
| Age | 50.2 (8.7) | 48.0 (8.5) | 52.0 (8.5) | 48.1 (7.8) | 52.0 (8.8) | 0.94 | <0.0001 |
| Sex (% female) | 55.71 | 79.2 | 44.66 | 65.0 | 43.6 | 0.28 | <0.0001 |
| Duration of hypertension (years) | 8.3 (7.6) | 8.2 (7.8) | 10.0 (8.1) | 6.9 (6.9) | 8.4 (7.6) | 0.10 | 0.06 |
| Family history of hypertensionb | 77.93% | 86.11% | 80.58% | 79.75% | 70.30% | 0.03 | 0.25 |
| Never taken an antihypertensive drug | 9.24% | 6.94% | 8.74% | 6.25% | 11.88% | 0.79 | 0.22 |
| Taking antihypertensive drug at entry | 78.26% | 76.39% | 84.47% | 75.00% | 76.24% | 0.27 | 0.28 |
| Smoking status | |||||||
| Current smoker (%) | 10.87 | 9.72 | 6.80 | 17.50 | 10.89 | 0.06 | 0.13 |
| Number of cigarettes per day | 13.6 (9.5) | 9.9 (8.7) | 14.6 (8.3) | 12.6 (8.8) | 15.6 (10.8) | 0.30 | 0.02 |
| Ex-smoker (%) | 23.10 | 23.61 | 24.27 | 13.75 | 30.69 | 0.96 | 0.05 |
| Ever smoker (%) | 33.97 | 33.33 | 31.07 | 31.25 | 41.58 | 0.23 | 0.43 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31.0 (5.7) | 31.6 (6.9) | 30.8 (6.2) | 31.3 (5.4) | 30.6 (4.7) | 0.74 | 0.27 |
| Estimated GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)c | 95.3 (20.3) | 104.4 (26.9) | 90.2 (14.8) | 101.3 (16.3) | 90.2 (19.9) | 0.63 | <0.0001 |
| Baseline clinic BP | |||||||
| Systolic (mm Hg) | 152.7 (13.0) | 151.6 (12.8) | 153.0 (13.0) | 152.6 (13.8) | 154.0 (12.5) | 0.53 | 0.33 |
| Diastolic (mm Hg) | 98.7 (6.7) | 98.8 (7.9) | 98.4 (6.3) | 99.7 (6.7) | 98.2 (6.3) | 0.61 | 0.16 |
| Baseline average home-recorded BP | |||||||
| Systolic (mm Hg) | 146.4 (10.8) | 145.5 (11.0) | 144.9 (9.4) | 147.7 (12.3) | 148.0 (10.7) | 0.02 | 0.87 |
| Diastolic (mm Hg) | 93.6 (6.3) | 93.9 (6.5) | 91.9 (5.6) | 95.3 (7.2) | 93.9 (5.7) | 0.006 | 0.01 |
| Baseline HR (from home-recorded data), beats/min | 76.6 (8.7) | 78.8 (8.5) | 75.7 (8.3) | 77.8 (9.3) | 75.3 (8.3) | 0.56 | 0.002 |
| Adherenced | |||||||
| Monotherapy assessment | 94.3% | 91.67% | 97.09% | 90.00% | 97.98% | 0.78 | 0.005 |
| Combination therapy assessmente | 95.6% | 95.65% | 98.94% | 91.89% | 94.38% | 0.07 | 0.20 |
Twelve participants are Asian or other. Values are mean ± SD unless otherwise noted.
ATEN, atenolol; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; HCTZ, hydrochlorothiazide; HR, heart rate; MDRD, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease.
a
Indicates initial randomized monotherapy.
b
Family history of hypertension defined as hypertension in a parent or sibling.
c
Estimated GFR calculated using the four-variable MDRD equation: 186 × serum creatinine(−1.154) × age−0.203 × (1.210 for black participants) × (0.742 for female participants).
d
Percentage of participants who were 100% adherent to dosage in the week prior to the visit.
e
Of 337 patients with adherence data at combination therapy assessment.