Table 5.
Total kaempferol conjugation production and apical to basolateral ratios in clonal CaCo-2/TC7 cell monolayers at varying time points.
| K-S-GlcA | K-3-GlcA | K-7-GlcA | K-4′-GlcA | K-S | Total Conjugates | Total Aglycone | % Conjugate Conversion | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apical Loading | 5 min | 0.00 (N/D) |
0.26 (N/D) |
0.00 (N/D) |
0.00 (N/D) |
0.00 (N/D) |
0.26 | 16.7 | 2 |
| 10 min | 0.00 (N/D) |
0.27 (12.7) |
0.03 (N/D) |
0.00 (N/D) |
0.00 (N/D) |
0.30 | 17.1 | 2 | |
| 30 min | 0.07 (0.32) |
0.47 (1.73) |
0.19 (0.24) |
0.00 (N/D) |
0.04 (N/D) |
0.77 | 16.1 | 5 | |
| 60 min | 0.19 (0.29) |
0.77 (0.38) |
0.52 (0.24) |
0.06 (N/D) |
0.26 (1.53) |
1.80 | 11.6 | 13 | |
| Basolateral Loading | 5 min | 0.00 (N/D) |
0.00 (N/D) |
0.00 (N/D) |
0.00 (N/D) |
0.00 (N/D) |
0.00 | 30.7 | 0 |
| 10 min | 0.00 (N/D) |
0.00 (N/D) |
0.00 (N/D) |
0.00 (N/D) |
0.00 (N/D) |
0.00 | 29.9 | 0 | |
| 30 min | 0.03 (N/D) |
0.07 (N/D) |
0.15 (0.24) |
0.03 (N/D) |
0.00 (N/D) |
0.28 | 28.6 | 1 | |
| 60 min | 0.09 (0.47) |
0.29 (0.15) |
0.61 (0.41) |
0.16 (0.38) |
0.25 (1.47) |
1.39 | 27.1 | 5 | |
Values shown are nmols of analyte. Percentage conjugate conversion represents the total percentage of conjugation from parent aglycone. The percentage of conversion to phase-II conjugates increased in time in both the apical and basolateral compartments. The apical to basolateral ratio (numbers in parentheses) represents the apical transport rate divided by the basolateral transport rate. A value of <1.0 indicates preferential basolateral transport, while a value of >1.0 indicates preferential apical transport. Kaempferol loading concentration was 40 mM; n=3 for all data; N/D indicates not determined (usually because conjugates were not detected in one of more compartments).