Table 1.

Clinical studies of mesenchymal stem cells in hematopoietic engraftment

MSCs in Cotransplantation

Study	N	Subjects	BMT type	MSC source	MSC dose	MSC timing	Time to ANC >0.5×l0e9/L	Time to platelets >20×l0e9/L	Major Findings
Koc, et al. JCO, 2000	28	Breast Cancer	Autologous PBSC	Autologous	10-22 × 10e5/kg	1-24 hrs post	8 days	8.5 days	Safe infusion, rapid hematopoetic engraftment
Lazarus, et al. BBMT, 2005	46	Heme malignancies	Matched sibs	Sibling donor	10-50 × l0e5/kg	4 hrs prior	14 days	20.5 days	2yr DFS=53%, safe and feasible
Le Blanc, et al. Leukemia, 2007	7	Leukemia=3; SAA=2, SCID=3	Matched sibs =3 Unrelated =4	Sibling donor=3 Haplo donor=4	10 × 10e5/kg	0-4 hrs post	12 days	<12 days	100% donor engraftment by da y30 including 3 patients with primary graft failures
Ball, et al. Blood, 2008	14	Heme malignancies =11 Nonmalignant=3	Haploidentical	Haplo donor	10-20 × 10e5/kg	4 hrs prior	12 days	10 days	Graft failure 0% compared to 15% in historic controls; no infections.
Ning, et al. Leukemia, 2008	MSC=10 No-MSC=15	Leukemia	Matched sibs	Sibling donor	0.3-15 × 10e5/kg	4 hrs prior	16 days	NA	Engraftment no different from control. Reduced GvHD in the MSC arm but greatly increased relapse (6/10 in the MSC arm versus 3/15 in controls).
MacMillan, et al. BMT 2009	8	Pediatric acute leukemia	Cord blood	Haploidentical	9-50 × 10e5/kg	day 0	19 days	NA	Logistical issues- three subjects had insufficient MSCs generated and only three patients could receive the scheduled d21 MSC dose. Five patients remain alive at a median of 6.8 years. No difference in neutrophil engraftment, acute or chronic GvHD compared to a historical control.