Table 1.

Biologic agents used in rheumatology

	Target molecule	Generic name	Brand name	Mode of action	US FDA-labeled indications	Administration
Cell-surface molecular target	TNF-α	Infliximab	Remicade™	Inhibits TNF binding to its receptor	RA, PsA, AS, Crohn's disease, Plaque psoriasis	i.v.
	TNF-α	Adalimumab	Humira™	Inhibits TNF binding to its receptor	RA, PsA, AS, Crohn's disease	s.c.
	IL-1R	Anakinra	Kineret™	Inhibits IL-1 binding to its receptor	RA	s.c.
	IL-6R	Tocilizumab	MRA™, Actemra™	Inhibits IL-6 binding to its receptor	Under clinical investigation	i.v.
	CD20	Rituximab, ocrelizumab	Rituxan™, MabThera™	Depletes B cell	RA, NHL	i.v.
	CD22	Epratuzumab		Non-depleting B cell immune modulation	Under clinical investigation	i.v.
	CD25 (IL-2 receptor)	Daclizumab, basiliximab	Zenapax™, Simulect™	Inhibits IL-2 binding to its receptor	Renal transplant rejection	i.v.
	CD80, CD86	Abatacept	Orencia™	Inhibits co-stimulation of B cells	RA	i.v.
Soluble target	TNF-α, TNF-β	Etanercept	Enbrel™	Inhibits TNF binding to its receptor	RA, PsA, AS, JIA	s.c.
	TNF-α	Infliximab	Remicade™	Inhibits TNF binding to its receptor	RA, PsA, AS, Crohn's disease, plaque psoriasis	i.v.
	TNF-α	Adalimumab	Humira™	Inhibits TNF binding to its receptor	RA, PsA, AS, Crohn's disease, Under clinical investigation	s.c.
	BLyS	Belimumab	LymphoStat-B™	Inhibits B cell development		i.v.

TNF, tumor necrosis factor; AS, ankylosing spondyloarthropathy, RA, rheumatoid arthritis; PsA, psoriatic arthritis; BLyS, B lymphocyte stimulator; IL, interleukin; NHL, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; under clinical investigation, no US FDA-labeled indications at present.