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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 23.
Published in final edited form as: J Cancer Surviv. 2008 Jul 11;2(3):138–148. doi: 10.1007/s11764-008-0060-3

Table 3.

Nutrient intakes and proportion of survivors below Estimated Average Requirements (EARs) and above Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs)

EAR
male/female
Mean
intake ±
SD
Below EAR Above UL
n % n %
Vitamin A (RAE) 625/500
 Supplement nonusersa 690 ± 626 110 57df 1 0.5
 Supplement users: dietary intake
onlyb
703 ± 639 251 45d 5 1
 Supplement users: dietary +
supplemental intakec
1576 ± 937 47 8f 5 1
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol
equivalents in mg)
12/12
 Supplement nonusersa 7.6 ± 5.8 167 86f 0 0
 Supplement users: dietary intake
onlyb
10.1 ± 11.4 451 81 0 0
 Supplement users: dietary +
supplemental intakec
86 ± 125 67 12f 0 0
Vitamin C (mg) 75/60
 Supplement nonusersa 63 ± 48 124 64ef 0 0
 Supplement users: dietary intake
onlyb
80.5 ± 53.8 261 47e 0 0
 Supplement users: dietary +
supplemental intakec
292 ± 379 52 9f 4 0.5
Vitamin B6 (mg) 1.4/1.3
 Supplement nonusersa 1.5 ± 0.7 91 47f 0 0
Supplement users: dietary intake
onlyb
1.7 ± 0.9 229 41 0 0
 Supplement users: dietary +
supplemental intakec
8.0 ± 19.1 42 8f 13 2
Vitamin B12 (mcg) 2.0/2.0
 Supplement nonusersa 5.4 ± 7.9 33 17f No
UL
 Supplement users: dietary intake
onlyb
4.8 ± 4.7 91 16
 Supplement users: dietary +
supplemental intakec
99 ± 369 18 3f
Folate (dietary folate equivalents
(DFE))
320/320
 Supplement nonusersa 443 ± 235 67 35df 0 0
 Supplement users: dietary intake
onlyb
498 ± 285 147 26d 1 0.2
 Supplement users: dietary +
supplemental intakec
1078 ± 505 22 4f 22 4
Magnesium (mg) 350/265
 Supplement nonusersa 222 ± 85 174 90ef 0 0
 Supplement users: dietary intake
onlyb
246 ± 95 428 77e 0 0
 Supplement users: dietary +
supplemental intakec
338 ± 138 225 40f 10 2
Zinc (mg) 9.4/6.8
 Supplement nonusersa 11.9 ± 17.4 92 48f 7 4
 Supplement users: dietary intake
onlyb
10.0 ± 6.4 222 40 4 1
 Supplement users: dietary +
supplemental intakec
25.5 ± 16.9 37 7f 48 9
Iron (mg) 6.0/5.0
 Supplement nonusersa 12.8 ± 5.9 9 5 0 0
 Supplement users: dietary intake
onlyb
13.8 ± 6.9 6 1 4 0.5
 Supplement users: dietary +
supplemental intakec
15.1 ± 17.3 6 1 8 1.5
a

Supplement nonusers (n = 194); only dietary sources were used to calculate nutrient intake

b

Supplement users: dietary intake only (n = 559); supplemental intake was excluded from nutrient intake

c

Supplement users: dietary + supplemental intake (n = 559); supplemental intake was included in nutrient intake

d

Significant differences noted between users and nonusers (dietary intake only); P < 0.05

e

Significant differences noted between users and nonusers (dietary intake only); P < 0.001

f

Significant differences noted between users and nonusers (dietary + supplemental intake); P < 0.001