Table 3.
Association among cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and doneness level of meat and gastric cancer risk, both overall and stratified by NAT2 acetylator status
| Total subjects | Rapid acetylators | Slow /intermediate acetylators | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Control | OR (95%CI)a | Case/Control | OR (95%CI)b | Case/Control | OR (95%CI)b | |
| Cigarette Smoking (status at reference date and pack-years)c | ||||||
| Non-smokers | 173/208 | 1.0 | 83/92 | 1.0 | 90/116 | 1.0 |
| Former smokers | 167/115 | 2.39 (1.57-3.62)* | 72/47 | 2.30 (1.21-4.37)* | 95/68 | 2.51 (1.43-4.41)* |
| Current smokers | 131/148 | 1.19 (0.97-1.46) | 56/59 | 1.08 (0.82-1.50) | 75/89 | 1.27 (0.95-1.69) |
| 1-20 pack-years | 98/93 | 1.70 (1.11-2.60)* | 37/44 | 1.17 (0.62-2.22) | 61/49 | 2.28 (1.29-4.04)e* |
| >20 pack-years | 199/169 | 1.39 (1.13-1.70)* | 91/61 | 1.44 (1.11-1.95)* | 108/108 | 1.35 (1.02-1.80)* |
| Alcohol consumptiond | ||||||
| Non-drinkers | 188/200 | 1.0 | 82/83 | 1.0 | 106/117 | 1.0 |
| <112 g/week | 108/148 | 0.83 (0.59-1.18) | 51/66 | 0.78 (0.46-1.32) | 57/82 | 0.87 (0.54-1.38) |
| ≥112 g/week | 173/123 | 1.28 (1.06-1.55)* | 78/49 | 1.25 (0.93-1.68) | 97/74 | 1.31 (1.01-1.68)* |
| Doneness level of meat | ||||||
| Rare/Medium | 346/349 | 1.0 | 164/139 | 1.0 | 182/210 | 1.0 |
| Well-done | 103/56 | 1.24 (1.09-1.41)* | 33/30 | 0.94 (0.54-1.63) | 70/26 | 3.42 (2.06-5.68) e* |
a
Conditional logistic regression stratified by age and gender.
b
Unconditional logistic regression adjusted for gender and age.
c
Pack-years were calculated as number of packs smoked per day multiplied by the number of smoking years; 20 cigarettes per pack.
d
Ethanol uptake per week (g/week) means average ethanol uptake in gram times the average frequency of alcohol consumption per week in last 12 months.
e
Odds ratio was significantly different between NAT2 slow acetylators and NAT2 rapid acetylators in a homogeneity test.
*
p-value <0.05.