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Photomicrograph depicting met- and leu-enkephalin-ir at mid-level PAG in adult rats following neonatal handling (A,C) or intraplantar CGN (B,D). A significant increase in met- and leu-enkephalin-ir (panels E and F, respectively) was noted in neonatally-injured animals compared to controls at all rostral-caudal levels of the PAG. N = 6–8 rats per group/per sex. * denotes significant main effect of treatment; # denotes significant main effect of sex. Error bars represent SEM.
