Fig 1 Flow of participants through study. Original sample included all diagnoses of tuberculosis in three clinics during study period, March 2005 to July 2006. Ineligible patients included 62 (25%) previously treated for tuberculosis, 176 (72%) aged <18, and 7 (3%) pregnant women. Others excluded, according to selection criteria, included 211 (79%) transferred out before enrolment, 42 (16%) community directly observed treatment (clinician’s decision), 7 (3%) unable to agree to complete treatment, 5 (2%) default before enrolment, 1 (0.5%) died before enrolment. Refusals: 43 (83%) unwilling to attend for midday meal; 9 (17%) chose community DOT (unable to attend clinic, self assessed disease severity). Loss to follow-up means transferred out to another clinic during treatment