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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nutr Res. 2009 Sep;29(9):664–670. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2009.09.008

Table 1.

Hepatic concentrations (nmol/g) of vitamin E, retinoic acid, retinol and retinyl palmitate after feeding ethanol with or without vitamin E and retinoic acid for one month

Control Ethanol-fed Ethanol-fed +
Retinoic Acid
(0.1mg/kg body wt)		 Ethanol-fed +
Vitamin E
(2mg/kg body wt)		 Ethanol-fed +
Retinoic Acid +
Vitamin E
Vitamin E 51.7 ± 0.4a 33.3 ± 3.2a 31.0 ± 5.6a 160.4 ± 16.9b 132.2 ± 18.6b
Retinoic Acid 0.157 ± 0.006a 0.081 ± 0.003b 0.110 ± 0.009ab 0.083 ± 0.013b 0.123 ± 0.012a
Retinol 28.4 ± 6.4ab 19.5 ± 0.5a 19.2 ± 2.9a 26.7 ± 3.2a 36.4 ± 2.6b
Retinyl Palmitate 608.8 ± 58.5a 174.3 ± 4.0b 293.3 ± 122.8b 281.1 ± 68.3b 358.6 ± 56.1ab

Hepatic vitamin E and retinoids were extracted with hexane and analyzed by HPLC as described in Methods. Values are expressed as means ± SD (n=3-5 in each group). Within rows, treatments not sharing the same superscript are significantly different from each other (P<0.05).