FIG. 1.

Adipose obELVs activate macrophages. A: Wild-type B6 mice fed an HFD for 3 months starting at 2 months of age were injected intravenously with the PKH67⁺-labeled obELVs or wtELVs (30 μg/mouse). Twenty-four hours after the injection, CD11b⁺F4/80⁺PKH67⁺ cells from peripheral blood were analyzed for the presence of CD204, ICAM-1, and MHCII markers. Results were pooled from five independent experiments (n = 5 mice/experiment) and are presented as the means ± SE, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. B: Mice treated as described above at day 1 and 7, peripheral blood was collected at 4 h after the ELV injections, and the serum concentration of IL-6 and TNF-α were determined using a standard ELISA, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 (n = 5 mice per group). i.v., intravenous.