Table 3.
Relative risk of death in users of oral contraceptives compared with never users according to time since last use
| Cause of death (ICD-8 codes) | Years since last use of oral contraceptives
|
(P value) test for trend by time since last use | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current and <5
|
5-9
|
10-14
|
⩾15
|
|||||||||
| Relative risk† (95% CI) | No of deaths | Relative risk† (95% CI) | No of deaths | Relative risk† (95% CI) | No of deaths | Relative risk† (95% CI) | No of deaths | |||||
| All causes (000-999) | 1.0 (0.9 to 1.2) | 199 | 1.1 (0.9 to 1.3 ) | 142 | 1.1 (0.9 to 1.3) | 189 | 0.9 (0.8 to 1.1) | 196 | 1.0 | |||
| All cancers (140-209) | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.1) | 81 | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.4) | 79 | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.3) | 104 | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.1) | 99 | 0.9 | |||
| Colorectal (153-154) | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.4) | 4 | 0.6 (0.2 to 1.6) | 4 | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.8)* | 2 | 1.0 (0.5 to 2.0) | 12 | 0.1 | |||
| Lung (162) | 0.8 (0.3 to 1.7) | 8 | 1.1 (0.6 to 2.2) | 11 | 1.3 (0.8 to 2.4) | 19 | 1.2 (0.6 to 2.1) | 18 | 0.9 | |||
| Breast (174) | 1.0 (0.6 to 1.6) | 28 | 1.5 (1.0 to 2.2) | 31 | 1.3 (0.8 to 1.9) | 33 | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.5) | 25 | 0.8 | |||
| Cervix (180) | 2.2 (0.8 to 6.1) | 9 | 3.0 (1.1 to 8.1)* | 8 | 1.6 (0.5 to 4.9) | 5 | 0.7 (0.1 to 3.2) | 2 | 0.3 | |||
| Ovary (183) | 0.1 (0.0 to 0.9)* | 1 | 0.3 (0.1 to 1.4) | 2 | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.8) | 6 | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.7) | 6 | 0.05 | |||
| Other cancers | 1.0 (0.6 to 1.6) | 31 | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.4) | 23 | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.6) | 39 | 0.8 (0.6 to 1.2) | 36 | 0.4 | |||
| All circulatory diseases (390-458) | 1.7 (1.2 to 2.4)** | 56 | 1.4 (0.9 to 2.0) | 36 | 1.2 (0.8 to 1.7) | 45 | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.4) | 52 | 0.2 | |||
| Ischaemic heart disease (410-414) | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.8) | 17 | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.4) | 9 | 1.0 (0.6 to 1.6) | 19 | 1.0 (0.6 to 1.6) | 30 | 0.6 | |||
| Other heart disease (420-429) | 2.4 (0.6 to 9.7) | 4 | 3.0 (0.9 to 10.7) | 4 | 0.7 (0.2 to 3.4) | 2 | 1.0 (0.3 to 3.0) | 5 | 0.3 | |||
| Cerebrovascular disease (430-438) | 1.9 (1.1 to 3.4)* | 26 | 2.0 (1.1 to 3.7)* | 18 | 1.4 (0.8 to 2.6) | 16 | 1.0 (0.5 to 1.9) | 13 | 0.2 | |||
| Other circulatory | 1.8 (0.6 to 4.9) | 9 | 1.7 (0.6 to 4.9) | 5 | 1.8 (0.7 to 4.3) | 8 | 0.1 (0.2 to 2.2) | 4 | 0.6 | |||
| All digestive diseases (520-577) | 1.1 (0.4 to 2.7) | 8 | 1.1 (0.4 to 2.9) | 5 | 1.4 (0.6 to 3.3) | 8 | 0.8 (0.3 to 2.1) | 5 | 0.4 | |||
| Liver disease (570-573) | 1.3 (0.4 to 4.6) | 4 | 2.0 (0.6 to 6.9) | 4 | 1.8 (0.5 to 6.1) | 4 | 1.7 (0.5 to 5.8) | 4 | 0.5 | |||
| All other diseases (1-139,210-389, 460-519, 578-799) | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.1) | 19 | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.1) | 10 | 0.8 (0.5 to 1.3) | 19 | 0.8 (0.5 to 1.3) | 28 | 0.4 | |||
| Violent and accidental causes (800-999) | 1.3 (0.8 to 2.1) | 35 | 1.3 (0.7 to 2.6) | 12 | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.8) | 13 | 1.5 (0.8 to 3.1) | 12 | 0.6 | |||
| Suicide (950-959) | 1.4 (0.6 to 3.0) | 16 | 1.5 (0.6 to 3.9) | 6 | 1.2 (0.4 to 3.7) | 4 | 1.2 (0.3 to 4.5) | 3 | 0.7 | |||
*
P<0.05, **P<0.01. †Adjusted for age, parity, social class, and smoking.