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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 27.
Published in final edited form as: Bipolar Disord. 2008 Jun;10(4):469–478. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2008.00584.x

Table 2.

Clinical Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Life Events of 249 Adolescents with Bipolar Disorders with versus without Substance Use Disorders

Overall
(N=249)		 SUD Present
(N=40)		 SUD Absent
(N=209)		 Statistic p
Clinical characteristics
M+/-SD M+/-SD M+/-SD
BP onset age 11.7+/-3.4 12.5+/-3.2 11.5+/-3.4 t=1.6 0.11
Baseline depression1 16.5+/-11.5 18.7+/-10.0 16.0+/-11.7 t=1.3 0.19
Baseline mania2 22.5+/-12.8 23.5+/-12.1 22.4+/-12.9 t=0.5 0.60
Baseline CGAS3 54.1+/-12.3 53.8+/-10.7 54.1+/-12.6 t=-0.2 0.86
Lifetime CGAS4 35.9+/-10.4 34.5+/-11.5 36.2+/-10.2 t=-0.9 0.34
SUD onset age n/a 13.7+/-1.6 n/a
% % %
BP diagnosis FET 0.38
   BP-I 61 60 61
   BP-II 10 5 12
   BP-NOS 29 35 27
Referral source FET 0.69
   Inpatient 19 25 18
   Outpatient 61 58 61
   Advertisement 16 12 16
   Other 4 5 4
Psychosis 28 30 27 χ2=0.1 0.72
Mixed 30 33 29 χ2=0.2 0.67
Suicide attempt 39 58 35 χ2=7.2 0.007
Hospitalizations 63 65 63 χ2=0.1 0.74
Any abuse 24 48 20 χ2=11.9 <0.001
Physical abuse 19 40 15 χ2=13.9 <0.001
Sexual abuse 13 30 10 χ2=12.5 <0.001
Comorbidity
Any anxiety 42 33 43 χ2=1.7 0.20
PTSD 8 18 6 χ2=5.8 0.02
ADHD 50 38 52 χ2=2.9 0.09
ODD 36 43 34 χ2=0.9 0.33
Conduct disorder 17 43 12 χ2=21.2 <0.001
Life events
Trouble with police5 21 42 17 χ2=12.2 <0.0 01
Put in jail6 3 5 3 FET 0.42
Pregnancy7 5 20 1 FET <0.001
Abortion8 2 12 0 FET 0.008
1

Baseline DEP-P, valid N=243

2

Baseline K-MRS, valid N=246

3

Baseline CGAS, valid N=245

4

Most serious lifetime CGAS, valid N=240

5

Twelve-month prevalence by self-report, valid N=223

6

Twelve-month prevalence by self-report, valid N=221

7

Twelve-month prevalence by self-report, females only, valid N=125

8

Twelve-month prevalence by self-report, females only, valid N=123