Table 1.
Demographic and Sleep Disorder-Related Characteristics
| Patients with NC | Patients with IH | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men/women | 14/0 | 14/0 | - |
| Age, y | 38.21 ± 13.71 | 33.29 ± 14.64 | 0.366 |
| Duration of disease, y | 16.64 ± 14.73 | 9.57 ± 7.50 | 0.122 |
| Age at disease onset, y | 21.57 ± 7.59 | 23.71 ± 12.99 | 0.599 |
| Age at diagnosis of disease, y | 30.07 ± 10.96 | 32.29 ± 14.89 | 0.658 |
| Hypnagogic hallucinations | 10 (71) | 0 (0) | - |
| Sleep Paralysis | 9 (64) | 0 (0) | - |
| Cataplexy | 14 (100) | 0 (0) | - |
| Therapy | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| HLA DQB1 0602 | 14 (100) | 1 (7) | - |
| CSF orexin-A, pg/mL | 30.93 ± 27.44 | 348.30 ± 19.23 | <0.001 |
| MEQ results | |||
| Mild morning | 4 | 4 | - |
| Intermediate | 6 | 6 | - |
| Mild evening | 4 | 4 | - |
| ESS score | 14.79 ± 4.627 | 13.00 ± 3.06 | 0.252 |
| TST, minb | 569.86 ± 97.67 | 522.29 ± 76.85 | 0.164 |
| MSLTc | |||
| Sleep latency, min | 4.30 ± 3.65 | 6.35 ± 1.28 | 0.058 |
| SOREMPs, no. | 3.86 ± 1.23 | 0.29 ± 0.47 | 0.000003 |
Data are in mean ± standard deviation or number (%).NC refers to narcolepsy with cataplexy; IH, idiopathic hypersomnia; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; MEQ, morningness-eveningness questionnaire; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale.
CSF samples were obtained from 14/14 patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy (NC) and 10/14 patients with idiopathic hypersomnia (IH).
The total sleep time (TST) during 24-hour polysomnography was calculated taking into account the second part of the continuous 48-hour polysomnogram, ie, the baseline night and daytime naps of the following day.
The Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) values of mean sleep latency and mean number of sleep-onset rapid eye movement periods (SOREMPs) were calculated on 5 nap opportunities.