Table 1.
Baseline characteristics (percentages of patients unless specified) in 28 day survivors of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI): Perth MONICA cohort 1984-93
| Characteristics | 1984-7 (n=1745 ) | 1988-90 (n=1395 ) | 1991-3 (n=1311) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years): | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 54 (7) | 54 (7) | 54 (7) | |
| 35-44 | 11 (192) | 11 (160) | 13 (177) | 0.21 |
| 45-54 | 31 (537) | 32 (451) | 31 (412) | |
| 55-64 | 58 (1016) | 56 (784) | 55 (722) | |
| Male | 83 (1447) | 81 (1130) | 83 (1089) | 0.28 |
| Medical history: | ||||
| Diabetes | 8 (141) | 9 (132) | 11 (148) | <0.01 |
| Hypertension | 40 (700) | 40 (566) | 38 (503) | 0.49 |
| Smoker past 12 months | 55 (963) | 49 (686) | 49 (638) | <0.003 |
| AMI features: | ||||
| Q wave AMI | 56 (977) | 51 (717) | 47 (621) | <0.001 |
| Anterior AMI | 43 (750) | 47 (661) | 47 (623) | 0.03 |
| ≥0.5 mV ST deviation | 63 (1092) | 57 (792) | 56 (729) | <0.001 |
| Electrocardiogram PREDICT score*: | ||||
| 0 | 24 (426) | 33 (468) | 31 (414) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 68 (1189) | 61 (855) | 63 (824) | |
| 2 | 4 (70) | 3 (46) | 3 (45) | |
| 3 | 3 (60) | 2 (26) | 2 (28) | |
| Acute markers: | ||||
| Median of CK ratio† (IQR) | 7 (4-11) | 6 (3-12) | 6 (3-13) | 0.20 |
| Systolic blood pressure <100 mm Hg | 4 (71) | 4 (58) | 5 (69) | 0.28 |
| Tachycardia >100 beats per min | 27 (475) | 27 (375) | 28 (367) | 0.60 |
| Length of stay >10 days | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0.10 |
| Mean (SD) total days in hospital | 3.5 (2.0) | 2.6 (1.7) | 3.0 (1.6) | <0.001 |
| Heart failure within 28 days of AMI | 30 (523) | 25 (353) | 25 (330) | 0.002 |
| Cardiogenic shock within 28 days of AMI | 3 (57) | 2 (33) | 3 (35) | 0.29 |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention: | ||||
| 0-28 days after incident AMI | 0 (0) | 8 (114) | 11 (145) | <0.001 |
| 29-365 days | 1 (12) | 7 (93) | 9 (123) | |
| >1-12 years | 6 (113) | 7 (96) | 9 (119) | |
| Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery: | ||||
| ≤1 year after incident AMI | 1 (23) | 16 (219) | 17 (227) | <0.001 |
| >1-12 years | 17 (304) | 14 (201) | 12 (162) | |
| Any coronary revascularisation: | ||||
| ≤1 year after incident AMI | 2 (35) | 31 (426) | 38 (495) | 0.001 |
| >1-12 years | 24 (417) | 21 (297) | 21 (281) | |
| Medical treatment in hospital: | ||||
| Thrombolytic treatment | 12 (218) | 37 (519) | 49 (644) | <0.001 |
| Antiplatelets | 45 (785) | 91 (1271) | 97 (1273) | <0.001 |
| β blockers | 66 (1148) | 82 (1148) | 88 (1150) | <0.001 |
| ACE inhibitors | 9 (160) | 15 (211) | 29 (383) | <0.001 |
| Medical treatment at discharge: | ||||
| Antiplatelets | 32 (565) | 81 (1130) | 85 (1114) | <0.001 |
| ACE inhibitors | 5 (91) | 10 (146) | 26 (339) | <0.001 |
| β blockers | 55 (963) | 70 (978) | 77 (1015) | <0.001 |
| Lipid lowering drugs | 2 (30) | 3 (38) | 5 (71) | <0.001 |
Note: numbers might not add up exactly because of rounding. IQR=interquartile range; AMI=definite acute myocardial infarction (MONICA criteria)12; ACE=angiotensin converting enzyme; CK=creatine kinase.
* Predicting risk of death in cardiac disease tool score (score 0-3 based on ischaemic ECG progression).14
†Defined as ratio of maximum CK value for event to relevant upper limit of normal.