Schematic representations of the MVs rescued from the plasmid molecular clones used to derive MV-NIS: p(+)MV-tag produced MVtag; p(+)MHlrGFPV produced MHlrGFPV; and p(+)MH-NIS(HP)3 produced the drug substance MV-NIS. To construct p(+)MH-NIS(HP)3, the MluI–AatII fragment of p(+)MHlrGFPV containing the additional gene encoding rGFP was replaced with a PCR product containing the human NIS gene flanked by MluI and AatII sites.12 An artificial gene boundary region (nucleotide sequence shown) was inserted into the SpeI site (position 9234) using two synthesized oligonucleotides. The p(+)MHlrGFPV plasmid was constructed by inserting the rGFP coding region into the MluI and NruI cloning sites of the polylinker. The AatII site is in the rGFP 3′-non-coding sequence. The p(+)MH-NIS(HP)3 plasmid was constructed by inserting the human NIS coding region into the MluI and AatII sites of p(+)MHlrGFPV, replacing the rGFP gene. The position of the gene coding regions is indicated above the MVtag genome. To facilitate the comparison of the MV-NIS genome sequence (17,940 nucleotides) with other MV genomes of the Edmonston lineage (15,894 nucleotides), the 2,046 bp inserted transcription unit containing the NIS coding region is numbered separately (1N–2046N).