Table 3.

Neuroendocrine-Immune Interactions and the Development of Behavioral Co-morbidities in Cancer Patients: Translational Targets

Immune System

Cytokine Antagonists (e.g. TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6)

Cytokine Signaling Pathway Antagonists (e.g. NFkB inhibitors, p38 MAPK inhibitors)

Anti-inflammatory Medications (e.g. COX-2 inhibitors, PGE2 inhibitors)

Exercise

Neuroendocrine System

CRH antagonists

Glucocorticoid Receptor Facilitators (e.g. phosphodiesterase Type IV inhibitors)

Sleep-Wake Cycle

Chronotherapy (e.g. melatonin, light therapy, or sleep regulation)

Behavioral Therapy (cognitive behavioral therapy, graded exercise, improved sleep hygiene)

Central Nervous System

5HT, NE, DA Reuptake Inhibitors (e.g. antidepressants)

DA agonists

Neuroprotective Agents (e.g. growth factors)

Stress

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (e.g. Stress Management, Coping Skills, Graded Exercise)

Relaxation Training

Supportive Psychotherapy

Anti-anxiety Medication (e.g. benzodiazepines)

5HT-serotonin; COX-cyclo-oxygenase; DA-dopamine; IL-interleukin; MAPK-mitogen activated protein kinase; NE-norepinephrine; NFkB-nuclear factor kappa B; PG-prostaglandin; TNF-tumor necrosis factor