Table 1.
Characteristics of participants by dietary supplementation status
| Characteristic | Dietary supplementation | |
| Non-user (n = 361) | User (n = 85) | |
| Gender * | ||
| Male | 206 (57.1%) | 35 (41.2%) |
| Female | 155 (42.9%) | 50 (58.8%) |
| Age (years) | ||
| 55-64 | 85 (23.6%) | 22 (25.9%) |
| 65-74 | 192 (53.2%) | 46 (54.1%) |
| 74-84 | 67 (18.6%) | 15 (17.7%) |
| ≥ 85 | 17 (4.7%) | 2 (2.4%) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | ||
| < 24 | 218 (60.4%) | 46 (54.1%) |
| ≥ 24 | 143 (39.6%) | 39 (45.9%) |
| Educational level | ||
| Primary school | 155 (42.9%) | 31 (36.5%) |
| Secondary school or above | 206 (57.1%) | 54 (63.5%) |
| Occupation before retirement | ||
| Professional | 136 (37.7%) | 39 (45.9%) |
| Others | 225 (62.3%) | 46 (54.1%) |
| Smoking status * | ||
| Smoker | 78 (21.6%) | 9 (10.6%) |
| Non-smoker | 283 (78.4%) | 76 (89.4%) |
| Alcohol drinking status | ||
| Drinker | 150 (41.6%) | 28 (32.9%) |
| Non-drinker | 211 (58.5%) | 57 (67.1%) |
| Presence of hyperlipidemia * | ||
| Yes | 38 (10.5%) | 19 (22.4%) |
| No | 323 (89.5%) | 66 (77.7%) |
| Presence of hypertension | ||
| Yes | 94 (26.0%) | 31 (36.5%) |
| No | 267 (74.0%) | 54 (63.5%) |
| Presence of diabetes | ||
| Yes | 10 (2.8%) | 2 (2.4%) |
| No | 351 (97.2%) | 83 (97.7%) |
* Significant chi-square test of association between characteristic and dietary supplementation status