Table 1.
Characteristics of participating African-American Boys and Girls
| Boys (n = 36) | Girls (n = 44) | p-valuea | |
| Mean (SD) | |||
| Anthropometrics | |||
| Age (years) | 10.72 (1.06) | 10.53 (1.12) | ns |
| Pubertal stage (1-5) | 2.24 (1.52) | 3.42 (1.21) | 0.001 |
| Height (m) | 1.48 (0.09) | 1.50 (0.08) | ns |
| Weight (kg) | 57.62 (18.11) | 66.34 (14.23) | 0.010 |
| Body fat (%) | 32.34 (9.02) | 40.63 (7.70) | <0.001 |
| BMI-z score | 1.82 (0.51) | 2.13(0.46) | 0.005 |
| WC (cm) | 83.62 (15.51) | 90.73 (12.63) | 0.020 |
| Biochemical parameters | |||
| TC (mmol/l) | 4.23 (0.14) | 4.43 (0.15) | ns |
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | 1.48 (0.03) | 1.38 (0.12) | ns |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | 2.34 (0.21) | 2.62 (0.33) | ns |
| IDL-C (mmol/l) | 0.21(0.08) | 0.24 (0.21) | ns |
| VLDL-C (mmol/l) | 0.39 (0.03) | 0.41(0.01) | ns |
| TG (mmol/l) | 0.68 (0.16) | 0.83 (0.23) | 0.020 |
| Insulin (μIU/ml) | 8.01 (4.91) | 13.06 (5.08) | 0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.71 (1.12) | 3.20 (2.79) | 0.001 |
| NFFA (mEq/L) | 25.72 (5.22) | 28.93 (4.54) | 0.005 |
| ISI-FFA | 0.41 (0.21) | 0.21 (0.14) | <0.001 |
| Blood Pressure | |||
| sBP (mm Hg) | 105.94 (8.90) | 104.32 (7.22) | ns |
| dBP (mm Hg) | 61.73 (8.67) | 62.25 (7.07) | ns |
| sBP-z score | 0.03 (0.74) | -0.13 (0.75) | ns |
| dBP-z score | -0.06 (0.71) | -0.03 (0.67) | ns |
| Dietary variables | |||
| Total energy (kcal/day) | 1805.03 (534.42) | 1743.95 (593.91) | ns |
| Carbohydrate (g/day) | 210.41 (64.62) | 222.74 (77.50) | ns |
| Fat (g/day) | 77.94 (27.72) | 69.24 (29.75) | ns |
| Protein (g/day) | 68.84 (22.01) | 62.85 (21.92) | ns |
ap values calculated from two-sample t-tests
ns, non significant; WC, waist circumference; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, HDL cholesterol; LDL-C, LDL cholesterol; IDL-C, IDL cholesterol; VLDL-C, VLDL cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; NEFA, Non-esterified fatty acids; ISI-FFA, fatty acid insulin sensitivity; sBP, systolic blood pressure; dBP, diastolic blood pressure.