Table 4. Obesity-associated mortality risk.
| Target parameter | Exposure | Reference | Risk (95% CI) | Source | |
| Women | Men | ||||
| All cause mortality | BMI >30 | BMI ≥18.5 to 25 | RR = 1.28 (1.18 to 1.37) | RR = 1.20 (1.12 to 1.29) | Meta-analysis (6) |
| BMI 30.0 to <35.0 | BMI 23.5 to 25 | RR = 1.17 (1.07 to 1.29) | RR = 1.24 (1.14 to 1.35) | Cohort study (5) | |
| BMI ≥35.0 | BMI 23.5 to 25 | RR = 1.65 (1.46 to 1.85) | RR = 1.94 (1.71 to 2.20) | Cohort study (5) | |
| Overall cancer mortality | BMI >30 | BMI ≥18.5 to 25 | RR = 1.10 (1.00 to 1.22) | RR = 1.06 (0.98 to 1.14) | Meta-analysis (6) |
| BMI 36 to 39.9 | Overall German population | SMR = 0.72 (0.5 to 1.1) | SMR = 1.16 (0.6 to 2.0) | Cohort study (7) | |
| BMI >40 | Overall German population | SMR = 1.45 (1.1 to 1.9) | SMR = 1.13 (0.5 to 2.1) | Cohort study (7) | |
| CVD mortality | BMI >30 | BMI ≥18.5 to 25 | RR = 1.53 (1.38 to 1.69) | RR = 1.45 (1.33 to 1.59) | Meta-analysis (6) |
| BMI 36 to 39.9 | Overall German population | SMR = 1.51 (1.2 to 1.9) | SMR = 2.24 (1.6 to 3.1) | Cohort study (7) | |
| BMI >40 | Overall German population | SMR = 2.77 (2.3 to 3.3) | SMR = 4.36 (3.2 to 5.8) | Cohort study (7) | |
| CHD mortality | BMI >30 | BMI ≥18.5 to 25 | RR = 1.62 (1.46 to 1.81) | RR = 1.51 (1.36 to 1.67) | Meta-analysis (6) |
| Mortality in type 2 diabetes | BMI 36 to 39.9 | Overall German population | SMR = 3.95 (2.0 to 6.9) | SMR = 14.2 (6.5 to 27.0) | Cohort study (7) |
| BMI >40 | Overall German population | SMR = 7.58 (4.8 to 11.4) | SMR = 2.41 (0.1 to 13.5) | Cohort study (7) |
BMI, body mass index (in kg/m2); CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; CHD, coronary heart disease; RR, relative risk
SMR, standardized mortality ratio (The reference population is the population of North Rhine-Westphalia.)