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Schematic illustration of the change in the arg-M13/AuNP nanocomposite in water and in air (not scaled). In air, the rodlike virus is flattened to some extent, resulting in a change of its cross-section from a circle to an oval shape, that is, the height of the virus is changed. The side wall of each virus is made of about 2700 copies of protein pVIII, and thus the pVIII conformation will be changed if the virus is flattened.
