Table 2.
Patient characteristics normal coronaries according to body mass index category
| Variable | Underweight (<18.5) | Normal (18.5–24.9) | Overweight (25.0–29.9) | Mild obesity (30.0–34.9) | Moderate obesity (35.0–39.9) | Severe obesity (≥40) | P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 178 | 2802 | 3889 | 2478 | 973 | 654 | — |
| Age (years) (mean ± SD) | 60 ± 14 | 59 ± 14 | 59 ± 13 | 58 ± 12 | 57 ± 12 | 55 ± 11 | <0.0001 |
| Sex (%F) | 36.0 (64) | 45.3 (1269) | 59.5 (23.13) | 56.7 (1406) | 50.8 (494) | 43.3 (283) | 0.4 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 9.0 (16) | 6.0 (167) | 4.2 (163) | 5.4 (133) | 4.3 (42) | 5.0 (33) | 0.9 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 37.1 (66) | 20.6 (577) | 18.3 (713) | 19.3 (479) | 21.2 (206) | 33.8 (221) | <0.0001 |
| History of HF | 27.0 (48) | 19.3 (541) | 15.9 (615) | 16.0 (397) | 17.6 (171) | 24.5 (160) | 0.02 |
| Renal disease (serum creatinine >200 µmol/L) | 5.6 (10) | 4.5 (127) | 2.6 (103) | 2.9 (71) | 2.9 (28) | 4.4 (29) | 0.5 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11.8 (21) | 9.4 (264) | 11.9 (462) | 17.5 (434) | 25.5 (248) | 37.3 (244) | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension | 45.5 (81) | 44.8 (1256) | 51.8 (2016) | 61.0 (1512) | 67.3 (655) | 72.8 (476) | <0.0001 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 40.4 (72) | 51.1 (1432) | 60.5 (2353) | 64.3 (1594) | 65.0 (632) | 61.6 (403) | <0.0001 |
| Malignancy | 3.9 (7) | 4.9 (132) | 5.0 (193) | 4.0 (98) | 3.5 (34) | 2.1 (14) | 0.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 7.3 (13) | 6.1 (170) | 5.4 (209) | 4.9 (122) | 5.5 (54) | 6.6 (43) | 1.0 |
| Liver/GI disease | 8.4 (15) | 9.1 (256) | 8.4 (325) | 7.7 (192) | 9.7 (94) | 10.1 (66) | 0.8 |
| Current smoker | 30.3 (54) | 24.5 (686) | 19.9 (775) | 18.4 (457) | 19.5 (190) | 19.6 (128) | 0.005 |
| Quit smoking | 23.6 (42) | 29.0 (812) | 34.4 (1338) | 37.7 (934) | 39.6 (385) | 35.6 (233) | <0.0001 |
| Prior MI | 23.0 (41) | 16.4 (459) | 14.5 (565) | 15.7 (388) | 13.3 (129) | 13.5 (88) | 0.4 |
| Prior CABG | 0 | 0.6 (16) | 0.3 (12) | 0.4 (10) | 0.2 (2) | 0.8 (5) | 0.6 |
| LVEF < 35% | 5.6 (10) | 6.0 (167) | 5.6 (216) | 5.6 (138) | 6.1 (59) | 4.7 (31) | 0.5 |
| Emergent priority | 2.8 (5) | 3.0 (83) | 2.7 (105) | 1.7 (42) | 2.4 (23) | 2.0 (13) | 0.03 |
| MI indication for catheterization | 23.0 (41) | 15.0 (420) | 12.2 (476) | 10.9 (269) | 8.2 (80) | 8.7 (57) | <0.0001 |
| HF indication for catheterization | 5.6 (10) | 4.3 (120) | 3.7 (144) | 4.4 (109) | 5.43 (51) | 7.6 (50) | <0.0001 |
| Treatment | |||||||
| Medical management only | 84.3 (150) | 88.2 (2302) | 83.5 (3246) | 86.3 (2138) | 87.5 (851) | 88.2 (577) | <0.0001 |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention | 15.2 (27) | 17.5 (490) | 15.8 (615) | 13.2 (326) | 11.8 (115) | 11.2 (73) | <0.0001 |
| Coronary artery bypass grafting | 0.6 (1) | 0.4 (10) | 0.7 (28) | 0.6 (14) | 0.7 (7) | 0.6 (4) | 0.4 |
Values are expressed as % (count), unless otherwise noted.
HF, heart failure; GI, gastrointestinal; MI, myocardial infarction; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; APPROACH, Alberta Provincial Project for Outcome Assessment in Coronary Heart Disease.
*P-values for χ2 test for trend or Jonckheere–Terpstra test for trend.