Table 4.

Pain Medication Questionnaire (PMQ) Behaviors

		Men	Women	Total	p-value
Behavior or Characteristic		%	%	%
1.	I take pain medication when I feel anxious or sad, or when I need help sleeping.	40.9	45.6	43.8	.63
2.	I drink alcohol to help control my pain.	8.7	7.4	7.9	.53
3.	I borrow pain medication from friends or family to get relief.	2.2	7.4	5.3	.22
4.	I get pain medications from more than one doctor in order to have enough.	6.8	8.8	8.0	.49
5.	I think I may be too dependent on my pain medication.	45.5	32.4	37.5	.16
6.	Family members have obtained pain medications for me from their own doctors.	2.2	1.5	1.8	.65
7.	At times, I need to take pain medication more often than it is prescribed.	56.5	50.0	52.6	.49
8.	I save any unused mediation I have in case I need it later.	47.7	67.6	59.8	.04*
9.	At times, I run out of pain medication early and have to call my doctor for refills.	37.8	26.9	31.3	.22
10.	I find it useful to take additional medications (such as sedatives) to help my pain medication work better.	20.0	38.8	31.3	.04*
11.	In the past year, I have accidentally misplaced my prescription for pain medication and had to ask for another.	6.5	6.0	6.2	.60
12.	I have sold my prescription medications.	2.2	1.5	1.8	.65
13.	I have forged a prescription in order to get the medication I needed.	2.2	1.5	1.8	.65
14.	I have obtained prescriptions off the internet or other non-medical “street” source.	2.2	2.9	2.7	.65
15.	I have used my prescription in a different way than instructed by my doctor (e.g., crushing and snorting a pill).	8.9	1.5	4.4	.08*

Note. N ranged from 112 – 114 because of missing data.