Figure 1.

Expression of LRRK2 transgenes in Drosophila neither affects its overall brain architecture nor triggers obvious eye abnormalities. A, Left, Anti-elav (green) and anti-LRRK2 (red) immunostaining of whole-mount adult brains derived from 2-d-old control or transgenic flies expressing wild-type human LRRK2, as indicated. Right, Enlarged images (and inset) show the localization of elav and LRRK2 signals to the nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively, in the brain of a wild-type LRRK2-expressing fly. An anti-myc immunoblot of brain lysates prepared from 2-d-old control or transgenic flies expressing various LRRK2 species is shown below (genotype: elav-Gal4/+ or elav–Gal4–hLRRK2). B, SEM eye images of 20-d-old GMR-Gal4/+ or GMR–Gal4–hLRRK adult flies. No retinal degeneration was observed in all flies examined.