Table 1.

Bivariate correlations and descriptive statistics

Variable	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	M	SD
1. Racea	–																	83% E.A.
2. Genderb	.03	–																52% male
3. Parent marital statusc	−.32***	−.06	–															26% 2 parents
4. Socioeconomic statusd	−.40***	−.05	.37***	–													39.61	14.00
5. Difficult temperamentd	.07	−.02	.02	.00	–												3.29	.94
6. Unadaptabled	.13**	.00	−.03	−.03	.37***	–											2.98	1.08
7. Resistance to controld	−.01	−.08	.01	−.08	.50***	.18***	–										3.58	1.13
8. Neighborhood unsafed	43***	.04	−.33***	−.39***	.11*	.10*	.12*	–									1.98	.84
9. Early physical disciplined	14***	−.09*	−.08	−24***	11**	.09*	.20***	.25***	–								2.60	.96
10. Later physical disciplined	.27***	−.06	−.17***	−.29***	.08	.06	.10*	.31 ***	.39***	–							1.41	.46
11. YSR externalizinge	.03	−.02	−.15**	−.09	−.01	−.10*	.11*	.00	.07	04	–						11.63	7.49
12. CBCL externalizingd	.15**	−.01	− .24***	−.24***	.11*	−.03	.19***	.18***	.20***	22***	.45***	–					8.29	7.75
13. Reactive/Proactive aggressione	.16**	−.29***	−.19***	−.14**	.02	−.02	.06	.07	.12*	16**	.64***	.27***	–				.70	.47
14. Reactive/Proactive aggressiond	.03	−.05	−.13**	−.19***	.08	−.05	.20***	.11*	.23***	14**	.38***	54***	.29***	–			1.72	.59
15. Violencee	.13**	−.20***	−.16**	−.11*	.01	−.09	.11*	.08	.07	07	.53***	.30***	.60***	.27***	–		5.64	10.47
16. School troublee	.16**	−.09*	−.27***	−.18***	.05	−.01	.09*	.13**	.15**	09	.41 ***	.32***	.39***	.25***	48***	–	3.59	7.54
17. Police troublee	.15**	−.16**	−.18***	−.15**	.01	−.10*	.05	.15**	.06	00	.45***	.28***	44***	.28***	.51 ***	.39***	1.61	3.79

Note: Sample size for correlations ranges from 376 to 574.

^aCoded 0 = European American, 1 = African American.

^bCoded 1 = male, 2 = female.

^cCoded 1 = single parent, 2 = two parents.

^dMother report.

^eAdolescent report.

^*p < .05.

^**p < .01.

^***p < .001.