FIG. 4.
Effects of the duration of exposure to light after PMA treatment on detecting live and heat-killed C. parvum oocysts. Live or heat-killed C. parvum oocysts were incubated with 150 μM PMA for 5 min and exposed to light for 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 min. Genomic DNA was purified, and the hsp70 gene (lanes 2 to 14) or SSU rRNA gene (lanes 16 to 28) was amplified by PCR. Gel electrophoresis analysis was performed using an Agilent Bioanalyzer 2100. M, marker; −, no PMA control; Δ, oocysts treated at 70°C; C, PCR control that lacks a template.