FIG. 2.

Reduction of T-cell activation upon IFN-α and ribavirin treatment. HCV/HIV-1-coinfected subjects (n = 14) had significantly higher HCV RNA levels (log₁₀ IU/ml) at baseline (BL) than HCV-monoinfected subjects (n = 11). **, P < 0.01 as determined by the Mann-Whitney rank sum test. (A) Viral load decreased upon treatment (T) with peg-IFN-α and ribavirin. CD38 expression in CD8 (B) and CD4 (C) T cells in coinfected subjects (n = 11), measured at BL, during treatment (T) with peg-IFN-α and ribavirin, and at 24 weeks posttreatment (PT), corresponding to week 72 after treatment start. CD8 (D) and CD4 (E) T-cell counts in coinfected subjects measured at BL, during T with peg-IFN-α and ribavirin, and at 24 weeks PT. (B to E) Statistical analysis was performed using the repeated measures one-way analysis of variance on ranks followed by Dunn's multiple comparison test. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001. All statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism software 5.0 (GraphPad Software, Inc., San Diego, CA).