Table 1.
Study no./ Authors |
Location | Project goals/ objectives |
Research design/ methods |
Partnership composed of |
Project initiated by |
Community Collaboration |
Action taken by community/ outcomes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 Farquhar & Wing.[13] | Rural eastern North Carolina | Investigate health effects of a flood and the needs of survivors | Cross-sectional/Quantitative & qualitative | A coalition of local CBOs & university researchers | A community coalition on the basis of input from flood survivors | Consultation; generated survey questions; conducted interviews; determined how to apply findings to create changes | Rallies, media and legislature advocacy/Extended provision of temporary housing for survivors |
2 Wing.[14] | Rural Halifax County, North Carolina | Quantify potential impacts of industrial hog feeding operations on health and quality of life | Cross-sectional/Quantitative & qualitative | Community groups and university researchers | A grassroots environment al group | Determined the research problem, participated in developing survey, selecting research site, collecting data, and determining how to present the results | Plans to build hog feeding operations cancelled |
3 McCauley et al.[15]; McCauley et al.[16] | Willamette Valley, OR | Assess pesticide exposure and its health effects | Cross-sectional/Quantitative & qualitative | CBOs and university researchers | A CBO and university researchers | Consultation on instrument design, data collection, data interpretation, and presentation of results; youth worked as research assistants | Not reported |
4 Swartz et al.[17] | Baltimor e, MD | Test the effectiveness of a pollutant and allergen control strategy on childhood asthma | Randomized controlled trial/Quantitative | Community members, social worker, public health practitioner, & university researchers | University researchers | Consultation-- served on CAB to jointly develop principles of research protocol and to facilitate communication and recruitment | Not reported (University researchers assisted community beyond the conduct of the study) |
5 Maslia et al.[18] | Ocean County, NJ | Assess environmental exposures and its effect on childhood cancers; Conduct community/professional education | Cross sectional and case control; quantitative | A community group, county & state health departments, federal Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease registry, & university researchers | Outgrowth of preliminary research, initiated by a community member and a nurse | Jointly developed research/action plan; consulted on further research activities; facilitated communication with community | Increased community/professional education; developed and implemented an environmental health curriculum for students |
6 Quigley et al.[19] | Native American communities in NV, UT, and CA | Build community capacity for managing the health risks of nuclear contamination | Cross-sectional/quantitative & qualitative | Community groups, EH research institute, university researchers | An organization representing Native American Reservation Communities | Consultation; shared decision-making on grant applications, publications & presentations, staff recruitment; jointly developed a research plan & protocol, and educational program; collected data | Educational program developed and implemented for community and health care providers |
7 Coburn.[20] | Brooklyn, NY | Investigate health risks of subsistence fishing | Cross-sectional/quantitative & qualitative | U.S. EPA scientists and a community group composed of CBOs | U.S. EPA scientists | Consultation; jointly developed a research plan & protocol; tailored and administered survey; made observations | Developed and conducted community education; identified alternative food sources |
8 Quandt et al.[21]; Quandt et al.[22]; Quandt et al.[23]; Arcury et al.[24] | Rural east-central North Carolina | Formative research; design, implement, and evaluate health education interventions | Formative research (quantitative & qualitative); Intervention (randomized-controlled trial) | A CBO and university researchers | University researchers | Consultation; assisted in collaborated on research design, data collection, and design and implementation of intervention | Not reported |
9 Loh et al.[25] | Boston, MA | Institute an air-monitoring system; establish a data management center; promote use of data by community to reduce exposures to air pollutants | Cross-sectional/quantitative & qualitative | A CBO, state department of environment al protection, county conservation district, university researchers | Youth and a CBO working with them | Defined research questions; collaborated on grant writing; collected data; developed and implemented interventions | Advocacy for measures to reduce air pollutants |
10 Egren et al. [26]; Parker et al.[27]; Lewis et al.[28]; Keeler et al.[29] | Detroit, MI | Investigate environmental exposures; design and implement an intervention study to reduce asthma triggers | Randomized controlled trial/quantitative | Community members, CBOs, city health department, a health care system, university researchers | Grew out of an existing CBPR partnership | Collaborated on research design, design of survey instruments, and participant & staff recruitment; collected data and implemented intervention | Not reported |
11 Lee, Krause, & Goetchius.[10]; Krause, Scherzer & Rugulies.[30] | San Francisco, CA & Las Vegas, NV | Investigate health and workload issues of hotel room cleaners | Cross-sectional/quantitative & qualitative | Labor union, university researchers, university occupational health program | A labor union | Provided funding; defined research priorities and methods; collaborated on instrument development; recruited participants & collected data | Collective action that led to reduced workload and increased labor representation on problem-solving committee |
12 Lipscomb et al.[31] | Rural North-eastern North Carolina | Investigate health effects of employment in poultry-processing plants | Cohort & cross-sectional/quantitative & qualitative | Community members as paid staff and university researchers | A CBO | Consultation; recruit participants; collect data; provide other research/administrative support | Not reported (research still under way) |
13 Perera et al. 2002.[32]; Vasquez et al.[33]; Kinney et al.[34] | New York City, NY/African-American & Dominican | Assess the effects of exposures to air pollutants on infant/child health; test health education interventions | Prospective cohort/quantitative | A CBO/youth/university researchers/U.S. EPA | A CBO | Identified problem; consulted on study design; facilitated communication and collaboration with community; implemented | Public awareness campaign/advocacy for environmental justice policy and regulations/ |
14 Jordan et al.[35] | Minneapolis, MN | Investigate the effects of lead exposure on child development | Prospective cohort | Community residents, university researchers, local businesses, city/state health departments | Community residents | Consultation; set research agenda; made decisions on proposals and future research direction; collaborate on research design and data collection | Preventive action to change city policy and to create lead-safe transitional housing; advocacy for families impacted by lead |
15 Krieger et al.[36]; Krieger et al.[37]; Krieger et al.[38]; Krieger et al.[39] | Seattle & King County, WA | Investigate indoor asthma triggers and implement intervention to reduce exposure to indoor asthma triggers | Randomized controlled trial/quantitative | CBOs, advocacy groups, Health dept., Housing Authority, and university researchers | Not stated | Provided input on research design and process; as research staff, conducted home environment assessment; implemented intervention; | Organized a policy advocacy group; identified policy advocacy issues; secured funding to evaluate substandard housing units |
16 Litt et al.[40] | Boston, MA | Quantify lead levels in residential soil, reduce exposure to lead through low-cost landscaping interventions, and develop educational materials | Pilot study | A CBO, university researchers, EPA laboratory, community health center, local landscape contractors | Not stated | Shared local knowledge for site selection and the design of intervention; as staff, conducted outreach, education, & landscaping; donated materials and tools | Soil lead abatement as part of intervention; disseminate the model and information about the technology to other CBOs and government agencies |
17 Hynes et al.[41] | Boston, MA | Investigate indoor environmental health issues, develop an action, and design/implement an educational program | Cross-sectional; quantitative | A community group, community health center, university researchers | University researchers | Consultation to guide survey construction and to provide feedback on survey | Educational programs developed; replacement of the central heating system at a public housing; a collaborative formed to improve community environmental health; |
18 Brugge et al.[42] | Boston, MA | Investigate the connections between the environment and health in Chinatown | Cross-sectional; quantitative | CBO, Community Health Center, University researchers | Not stated | Provided cultural knowledge and local concern about environmental conditions; jointly developed instrument; administered survey | Not stated |
19 Shurman & Israel.[43]; Shurman.[44] | South-central Michigan | Conduct needs assessment and develop/implement an intervention to reduce the long-term stress-related illness | Cross-sectional; quantitative & qualitative | Labor union, University researchers, Workers, Supervisors, & management | Initially by a company medical director but by the researchers for this particular project | Participated in diagnosing problems, developing/implementing a pilot intervention, evaluating outcomes, and making recommendations | A corporate-wide program reflecting recommendations implemented |
20 Corburn.[20] | Brooklyn, NY | Conduct community health surveys focusing primarily on asthma | Cross-sectional; quantitative & qualitative | A CBO and a non-profit research organization | A CBO in response to local students’ suggestion | Consultation; jointly developed and administered survey; led focus group discussions | Developed and implemented community and professional education; organized residents to enroll in a free insurance program |
CAB: Community Advisory Board