Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics
| Overall (n=593) |
CRP <11.8mg/L (n=296) |
CRP ≥11.8mg/L (n=297) |
BNP <350 pg/mL (n=299) |
BNP ≥350 pg/mL (n=294) |
TnT ≤0.01ng/mL (n=319) |
TnT >0.01ng/mL (n=274) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 76.4 (12.8) | 75.8 (13.3) | 77.0 (12.2) | 74.6 (13.1) | 78.2 (12.3)‡ | 75.7 (13.1) | 77.1 (12.4) |
| Male | 284 (47.9) | 141 (47.6) | 143 (48.1) | 140 (46.8) | 144 (49.0) | 134 (42.0) | 150 (54.7)† |
| Inpatient at Enrollment | 417 (70.3) | 158 (53.4) | 259 (87.2)‡ | 197 (65.9) | 220 (74.8)* | 198 (62.1) | 219 (79.9)‡ |
| Hypertension | 470 (79.3) | 231 (78.0) | 239 (80.5) | 235 (78.6) | 235 (79.9) | 249 (78.1) | 221 (80.7) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 403 (68.0) | 203 (68.6) | 200 (67.3) | 207 (69.2) | 196 (66.7) | 212 (66.5) | 191 (69.7) |
| Current smoker | 54 (9.1) | 27 (9.2) | 27 (9.1) | 28 (9.4) | 26 (8.9) | 28 (8.8) | 26 (9.5) |
| Diabetes | 186 (31.4) | 99 (33.4) | 87 (29.3) | 104 (34.8) | 82 (27.9) | 89 (27.9) | 97 (35.4)* |
| Coronary disease | 324 (54.6) | 168 (56.8) | 156 (52.5) | 162 (54.2) | 162 (55.1) | 171 (53.6) | 153 (55.8) |
| Myocardial infarction | 148 (25.9) | 73 (25.6) | 75 (26.2) | 66 (22.8) | 82 (29.2) | 73 (23.2) | 75 (29.3) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 181 (30.5) | 90 (30.4) | 91 (30.6) | 93 (31.1) | 88 (29.9) | 107 (33.5) | 74 (27.0) |
| History of Malignancy | 191 (32.3) | 80 (27.1) | 111 (37.4)† | 101 (33.8) | 90 (30.7) | 92 (28.8) | 99 (36.3) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 30.2 (7.7) | 30.2 (8.0) | 30.3 (7.3) | 32.5 (8.3) | 27.9 (6.2)‡ | 30.2 (7.5) | 30.3 (7.9) |
| Creatinine clearance (ml/min) | 59.7 (33.9) | 60.9 (32.1) | 58.6 (35.6) | 69.5 (37.1) | 49.8 (27.0)‡ | 64.3 (32.0) | 54.5 (35.3)‡ |
| Sodium <135 mmol/L | 76 (12.8) | 23 (7.8) | 53 (17.8)† | 29 (9.7) | 47 (16.0)* | 37 (11.6) | 39 (14.2) |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 140.0 (31.8) | 138.8 (30.2) | 141.2 (33.3) | 142.0 (31.7) | 137.9 (31.8) | 141.1 (32.1) | 138.7 (31.4) |
| NYHA Functional Class III or IV | 421 (71.0) | 198 (66.9) | 223 (75.1)* | 196 (65.6) | 225 (76.5)† | 219 (68.7) | 202 (73.7) |
| Echocardiographic Characteristics | |||||||
| Ejection fraction (%) | 48.7 (16.4) | 46.3 (16.4) | 51.1 (16.2)‡ | 53.7 (14.1) | 43.5 (17.1)‡ | 50.3 (16.0) | 46.8 (16.8)* |
| Diastolic dysfunction Class 3/4 | 428 (75.8) | 213 (75.5) | 215 (76.0) | 216 (75.0) | 212 (76.5) | 227 (74.9) | 201 (76.7) |
| Medications Prior to Heart Failure Diagnosis | |||||||
| Beta blocker | 386 (65.1) | 194 (65.5) | 192 (64.6) | 197 (65.9) | 189 (64.3) | 221 (69.3) | 165 (60.2)* |
| ACE/ARB | 347 (58.5) | 181 (61.5) | 165 (55.6) | 175 (58.5) | 172 (58.5) | 195 (61.1) | 152 (55.5) |
| Statin | 302 (50.9) | 168 (56.8) | 134 (45.1)† | 152 (50.8) | 150 (51.0) | 163 (51.1) | 139 (50.7) |
Age, body mass index, hemoglobin, creatinine clearance, systolic blood pressure, and ejection fraction are given as mean (standard deviation).
All other values are given as frequency (%).
ACE= Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB= angiotensin II receptor blocker; BNP= B-type natriuretic peptide; CRP= C-reactive protein; NYHA= New York Heart Association; SBP= systolic blood pressure; TnT= troponin T
*
p<0.05 compared with patients with biomarker below the median
†
p<0.01 compared with patients with biomarker below the median
‡
p<0.001 compared with patients with biomarker below the median