. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: Psychiatr Serv. 2009 Jul;60(7):898–907. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.60.7.898

Table 2.

Predictors of treatment dropout overall and by sector¹

				Treatment sector

	Overall			Psychiatrist			Other Mental Health Professions²			General Medical			Human Services			Significance of between- sector differences
	OR	CI	χ²	OR	CI	χ²	OR	CI	χ²	OR	CI	χ²	OR	CI	χ²	χ²

Number of visits
Initial (1–2)	5.8^*	3.9–8.6		1.6	.8–2.9		3.6^*	2.6–5.0		5.1^*	3.1–8.4		1.8	.9–3.8
Later (3+ visit)	1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--
χ²₁			83.0^*			2.0			59.4^*			43.6^*			2.8	17.4^*
Age
18–29	1.0	.6–1.7		2.2	.3–14.0		2.0	.3–11.3		1.2	.6–2.6		.4	.1–1.4
30–44	.9	.6–1.4		.7	.1–3.2					1.0	.6–1.7		.7	.2–2.6
45–59	.7	.5–1.1		.4	.1–2.3					.7	.4–1.1		.3	.1–1.1
60+	1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--
χ²₃			3.6			8.8^*			.6			4.9			6.7	473.7^*
Gender
Male	1.0	.7–1.3		2.2	.8–5.6		.8	.5–1.5		1.3	1.0–1.8		.3^*	.1–.6
Female	1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--
χ²₁			.1			2.7			.5			3.0			10.9^*	10.1^*
Ethnicity
Black	1.0	.6–1.7		2.4^*	1.0–5.6	^*	.6	.2–1.6		1.3	.8–2.0		1.0	.2–4.0
Hispanic	1.2	.8–1.9		2.3	.7–8.0		1.3	.7–2.5		1.1	.7–1.8		1.3	.4–3.9
Other	.9	.4–2.0		.0	.0–.0		.3	.0–2.5		1.7	.8–3.5		1.2	.2–8.4
Whites	1.0	--		1.0			1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--
χ²₃			.8			484.1			4.0			3.0			.2	3.9
Marital statuss
Married/Cohabitated	1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--
Sep/Div/Wid	.8	.6–1.1		.3^*	.1–.7		.5^*	.3–.8		.9	.6–1.4		1.5	.7–3.3
Never Married	.9	.6–1.3		1.1	.4–2.7		.9	.5–1.5		.8	.6–1.2		.8	.4–1.8
χ²₂			1.5			7.3^*			7.2^*			1.2			1.1	6.8
Education
0–15	1.1	.7–1.7		1.6	.5–5.0		1.9^*	1.1–3.4		.9	.7–1.4		1.4	.4–4.8
16+	1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--
χ²₁			.3			.6			5.2^*			.1			.4	2.2
Income
Low	1.0	.6–1.6		4.1	.8–21.8		.9	.4–2.0		.9	.6–1.4		.4	.1–1.4
Average-low	1.2	.8–1.9		6.0^*	1.2–28.9		1.7	.8–3.6		.9	.6–1.5		1.1	.3–3.5
Average-high	1.1	.7–1.7		1.8	.5–6.8		.8	.4–2.0		1.1	.6–2.1		2.2	.8–6.5
High	1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--
χ²₃			1.1			6.9			6.0			1.1			10.9^*	34.3^*
Insurance (Yes/No)	.6^*	.4–.9		.3^*	.1–.9		.5^*	.2–1.0		.8	.5–1.2		1.0	.4–2.3
χ²₁			6.2^*			4.9^*			4.0^*			1.4			.0	1.2
LT mental health treatment	.8	.6–1.0		.3^*	.1–.8		.7	.4–1.3		.8	.6–1.1		1.0	.5–2.0
χ²₁			3.3			6.1^*			1.4			1.3			.0	5.4
Mental Disorders
Any Mood	.7	.5–1.0		.8	.3–1.9		.9	.5–1.7		.6^*	.4–.9		1.1	.4–3.3		2.3
Any Anxiety	1.1	.7–1.5		1.5	.5–4.1		1.3	.7–2.7		1.0	.7–1.4		.8	.3–2.1		.4
Any Substance	.9	.6–1.5		.7	.3–2.0		1.9^*	1.1–3.5		1.1	.8–1.7		1.0	.3–2.9		3.3
Any Impulse	.9	.5–1.5		1.1	.3–4.4		.5	.2–1.1		.9	.5–1.5		2.8^*	1.1–7.2		12.0^*
χ²₄			5.3			3.0			11.1^*			8.0			6.4	20.5
# of disorders
Only 1	1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--
2 or more	1.3	.8–2.1		.4	.1–2.5		.5	.2–1.3		1.5^*	1.0–2.3		.7	.2–2.9
χ²₁			1.0			.9			2.3			4.8^*			.3	10.7^*
Number of Providers
1 or 2	1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--		1.0	--
3 or 4	.3^*	.1–.6		1.0	.4–2.3		.9	.5–1.6		1.0	.7–1.4		.5	.2–1.0
χ²₁			11.8^*			.0			.1			.0			4.0^*	203.8^*
Types of provider
Complementary-alternative medicine (Y/N)	.3^*	.2–.6		.4	.1–1.3		.4^*	.2–.9		.2^*	.1–.4		.7	.2–2.3
χ²₁			14.2^*			2.6			5.5^*			27.1^*			.3
Psychiatrist	.3^*	.1–.6
Other Mental Health Profession	.6^*	.3–1.0
General Medical	2.2^*	1.4–3.5
Human Services	1.0	--
χ²₃			81.3^*													2.4
(n)³		(1572)			(400)			(591)			(853)			(303)

Significant at the .05 level of significance, two-sided test

Models are multivariate (all predictors in each column entered at once) and based on a survival framework (with person-visit file); each column represents a separate multivariate model of dropout from care in that sector.

For other mental health professions, the age categories are 18–59 vs 60 due to scarce data

Patients treated only in the complementary-alternative medicine sector were excluded from the analysis based on the low rate of dropout from complementary-alternative medicine treatment