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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychiatr Serv. 2009 Jul;60(7):898–907. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.60.7.898

Table 4.

Predictors of treatment dropout overall and by sector after three or more visits

Treatment sector
Overall Psychiatrist Other Mental
Health Professions2 		General
Medical		 Human
Services		 Significance of
between-sector differences
OR CI χ2 OR CI χ2 OR CI χ2 OR CI χ2 OR CI χ2 χ2
Age
  18–29 .6 .2–2.2 .2 .0–4.8 1204.9–8930.0 1.2 .2–8.4 .7 .0–25.0
  30–44 .5 .2–1.3 .1 .0–1.8 3280.2* 2.1 .4–10.8 3.0 .1–100.6
  45–59 .2 .1–1.0 .1 .0–4.6 1.7 .4–7.3 .0* .0–.0
  60+ 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 --
      χ23 4.2 3.9 266.1* 1.0 157.6* 284.8*
Gender
  Male .5 .2–1.6 2.0 .5–8.1 .9 .3–2.6 1.1 .2–5.0 .6 .2–1.8
  Female 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 --
      χ21 1.3 1.1 .0 .0 .8 2.7
Ethnicity
  Black .4 .1–1.6 4.0* 1.0–15.0 .5 .1–2.0 .0* .0–.0 .0* .0-.0
  Hispanic 3.3* 1.3–8.5 2.7 .2–29.7 1.3 .5–3.5 1.6 .2–11.4 8.9* 1.1–73.5
  Other 1.6 .4–6.5 .0* .0–.0 .0* .0–.0 5.6 .2–140.8 7.3 .8–62.9
  Whites 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 --
      χ23 8.8* 75.5* 499.6* 98.2* 450.6* 1.9
Marital status
  Married/Cohibitated 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 --
  Sep/Div/Wid .6 .2–1.6 .0* .0–.7 1* .0–.5 2.0 .5–8.4 .6 .1–4.3
  Never Married .8 .3–2.0 2.8 .6–14.4 .7 .3–1.5 .8 .2–4.3 .6 .1–4.0
      χ22 1.2 5.3 9.5* 1.8 .7 7.4
Education
  0–15 1.0 .3–3.1 3.5 .5–23.4 2.5 .9–6.9 .3 .0–2.9 1.1 .2–6.8
  16+ 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 --
      χ21 .0 1.8 3.1 1.1 .0 4.8
Income
  Low 1.9 .7–5.4 1.0 .2–5.8 2.8 .8–9.6 .7 .0–14.5 .5 .1–2.9
  average-low 4.6* 1.4–14.9 54.4* 8.1–366.1 2.9 .9–8.6 3.6 .4–29.8 .7 .2–3.1
  average-high 1.8 .5–6.1 5.0* 1.0–23.7 2.0 .6–6.3 .1 .0–3.2 .8 .1–5.3
  High 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 --
      χ23 9.8* 20.0* 4.1 11.0* .9 5.8
  Insurance (Yes/No) .3* .1–.7 .1* .0–.7 .5* .2–1.0 2.7 .2–47.1 .8 .2–3.5
      χ21 8.0* 6.2* 4.6* .5 .1 4.0
  LT mental health treatment .4* .2–.8 .3 .1–1.7 .5 .2–1.1 2.2 .6–8.6 1.2 .3–4.7
      χ21 6.4* 2.0 3.2 1.5 .1 1.2
Mental Disorders
  Any Mood 1.0 .4–2.4 2.0 .3–11.3 1.0 .3–3.1 .4 .0–5.9 .7 .1–5.3 1.3
  Any Anxiety 1.4 .7–2.7 .9 .3–3.4 1.0 .4–2.7 4.3 .4–47.7 1.0 .2–4.8 2.2
  Any Substance 4.5* 1.9–10.7 3.0 .8–11.8 2.3* 1.0–5.2 4.5 .7–27.5 .7 .2–2.9 8.9*
  Any Impulse 1.4 .4–5.1 10.8* 1.7–67.9 1.1 .4–2.9 .9 .1–13.5 3.6 .6–20.7 1.5
      χ24 14.1* 9.0 7.8 9.2 2.7 15.0
# of disorders
  Only 1 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 --
  2 or more .1* .0–.6 .1* .0–.8 .4 .1–2.0 .5 .0–12.2 .3 .0–3.5
      χ21 8.4* 5.0* 1.5 .2 .9 5.0
Number of Providers
  1 or 2 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 -- 1.0 --
  3 or 4 4* .2–1.0 2.1 .8–6.0 1.4 .6–3.0 6.5* 1.2–36.8 1.1 .2–6.7
      χ21 3.8* 2.2 .7 4.8* .0 129.9*
Types of provider
  Complementary-alternative medicine (Y/N) .4* .1–1.0 .8 .2–3.7 .7 .3–1.7 .0* .0–.4 2.1 .3–16.4
      χ21 4.0* .1 .6 7.5* .6
  Psychiatrist .4 .1–1.4
  Other Mental Health Profession .3* .2–.6
  General Medical 1.8 .8–4.5
  Human Services 1.0 --
      χ23 16.6* .9
(n)5 (842) (259) (435) (208) (151)
1

Models are multivariate (all predictors in each column entered at once) and based on a survival framework (with person-visit file); each column represents a separate multivariate model. No extra controls (aside from the predictors specified in the table) were used for the models.

2

For other mental health professions, the age categories are 18–59 vs 60 and # of providers with 1 vs 2–4 instead due to scarce data

3

For interactions across providers, the categories used for age is 18–59 vs 60, for # of providers is 1 vs 2–4. Other categories are as specified in the rows. Interactions are done separately for each predictor instead of all interaction terms in the same model. Each interaction model controls for all predictors

4

Three df interaction tests done for types of disorders and # of disorders

5

Number of cases that received treatment from the provider