Cardiovascular Proteins Regulated by S-Glutathionylation

Protein	Citation	Function	Model system	Stimulus	Detection	Effect(s)	Reversed by GRx?
Actin	38	Myocyte contraction	Male Sprague-Dawley rats	In vivo IR	1-D PAGE + anti-GSH Ab; 2-D PAGE + anti-actin Ab; Actin IP + anti-GSH Ab	↓ Polymerization rate; ↓ cooperativity in binding tropomyosin	Not shown
GAPDH	79	Glycolysis; apoptosis	Male Wistar rats	IR (isolated heart)	Bio-GSH perfusion + affinity purification + 1-D PAGE + band excision/digestion + peptide sequencing	↓ GAP dehydrogenase activity	Not shown
Complex I	293	Mitochondrial respiration	Rat liver mitochondria; bovine heart mitochondria	[35S]-GSSG‡	Fluorography	↓ Rotenone-sensitive activity; ↑ O2 production	Not shown
	23		Bovine heart mitochondria; purified complex I	[35S]-GSSG; GSH:GSSG = 0.67-12; GRx2/GSSG‡	Fluorography; 1D PAGE + anti-GSH Ab; 1D PAGE + MS	↓ Complex I activity	In vitro by GRx2
Complex II*	39	Mitochondrial respiration	Male Sprague-Dawley rats; purified SQR	IR (isolated heart); in vivo IR; GSH:GSSG = 0.3-7	1D PAGE + anti-GSH Ab; MS	↑ Electron transfer efficiency, ↓ electron leakage	Not shown