TABLE 3.
HRs and 95% CIs for the associations of daily intake of choline and betaine with all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality among the cohort of case women diagnosed with breast cancer in 1996–1997 and followed through 2005, LIBCSP
| Nutrient | Low | Medium | High | Ptrend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Betaine | ||||
| Range (mg/d) | <79 | 79–138 | >138 | |
| All HR and 95% CI | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.76 (0.58–1.01) | 0.64 (0.46–0.89) | 0.01 |
| BC HR and 95% CI | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.65 (0.43–0.97) | 0.65 (0.41–1.00) | 0.05 |
| Total choline | ||||
| Range (mg/d) | <142 | 142–205 | >205 | |
| All HR and 95% CI | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.79 (0.58–1.08) | 1.04 (0.71–1.52) | 0.92 |
| BC HR and 95% CI | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.79 (0.52–1.19) | 0.72 (0.43–1.22) | 0.22 |
| Sphingomyelin | ||||
| Range (mg/d) | <4.9 | 4.9–8.3 | >8.3 | |
| All HR and 95% CI | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.09 (0.81–1.46) | 1.26 (0.90–1.77) | 0.19 |
| BC HR and 95% CI | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.93 (0.63–1.40) | 0.94 (0.59–1.49) | 0.79 |
| Glycerophosphocholine | ||||
| Range (mg/d) | <27.6 | 27.6–46.5 | >46.5 | |
| All HR and 95% CI | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.21 (0.90–1.62) | 1.13 (0.80–1.59) | 0.48 |
| BC HR and 95% CI | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.15 (0.77–1.69) | 0.69 (0.43–1.12) | 0.14 |
| Phosphatidylcholine | ||||
| Range (mg/d) | <79.3 | 79.3–80.2 | >80.2 | |
| All HR and 95% CI | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.94 (0.69–1.27) | 1.23 (0.88–1.70) | 0.21 |
| BC HR and 95% CI | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.95 (0.62–1.45) | 1.17 (0.74–1.84) | 0.48 |
| Phosphocholine | ||||
| Range (mg/d) | <7.3 | 7.3–11.4 | >11.4 | |
| All HR and 95% CI | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.87 (0.65–1.15) | 0.72 (0.51–1.02) | 0.06 |
| BC HR and 95% CI | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.86 (0.58–1.27) | 0.61 (0.38–0.99) | 0.04 |
| Free choline | ||||
| Range (mg/d) | <40.5 | 40.5–57.4 | >57.4 | |
| All HR and 95% CI | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.76 (0.57–1.02) | 0.60 (0.41–0.89) | 0.01 |
| BC HR and 95% CI | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.88 (0.59–1.32) | 0.54 (0.32–0.93) | 0.03 |
All HR, HR for all-cause mortality; BC HR, HR for breast cancer-specific mortality.