Table 4.

Nearest neighbor performance (10-fold cross-validation error, %)

Dataset	Spectrum	Hamming	Kimura	Smith-Waterman
ACG	2.49 ± 0.87	11.44 ± 1.52	5.51 ± 0.86	3.66 ± 0.66
Hesperiidae	3.57 ± 1.08	14.49 ± 2.36	3.81 ± 1.26	5.45 ± 1.20
Astraptes	1.07 ± 1.81	3.61 ± 2.77	1.71 ± 1.96	1.64 ± 1.03
Bats Guyana	1.63 ± 1.22	2.72 ± 1.83	1.63 ± 1.22	1.63 ± 1.22
Birds of North America	6.22 ± 1.50	18.38 ± 2.05	6.02 ± 1.36	8.20 ± 1.53
Fish Australia	5.50 ± 3.27	5.87 ± 4.01	5.35 ± 3.36	5.35 ± 3.36
Fish larvae†	2.86	11.43	8.57	5.71

^† leave-one-out validation error is reported