Figure 3.

Stabilizing mutations introduced into the β₁ adrenergic receptor. Tate and coworkers screened 318 positions of the β₁ receptor for stabilizing mutations. Single mutants were combined to give an active receptor with six mutations: R68S, M90V, Y227A, A282L, F327A, and F338M. The hextuple mutant increased the T_m by 21° and ultimately enabled the crystallization and structure determination of the receptor. The bound antagonist, cyanopindolol, and the stabilizing mutations are shown in stick representation, with the exception of A282L because it is in a loop region that was unresolved in the crystal structure. An interactive view is available in the electronic version of the article.