Table 1.
Baseline patient demographics and ART dosing by nutritional status
| All, n = 37 | Normal (wt/ht >85%), n = 25 | Malnourished (wt/ht 75%–85%), n = 12 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, female | 16 (43) | 8 (32) | 8 (67) | 0.049 |
| Age, years | 4.4 (0.7, 16.0) | 6.3 (0.8, 16.0) | 2.6 (0.7, 14.7) | 0.257 |
| Age <2 years (%) | 13 (35) | 7 (28) | 6 (50) | 0.274 |
| Weight, kg | 12.3 (3.9, 38.9) | 15.9 (6.3, 38.9) | 7.8 (3.9, 24.0) | 0.033 |
| Weight <14 kg (%) | 19 (51) | 11 (44) | 8 (67) | 0.295 |
| Height, cm | 84.3 (59.1, 144.0) | 99.4 (65.0, 144.0) | 76.5 (59.1, 133.5) | 0.200 |
| BSA, m2 | 0.52 (0.25, 1.23) | 0.62 (0.32, 1.23) | 0.40 (0.25, 0.96) | 0.095 |
| ALT, U/L | 33 (14, 282) | 33 (16, 282) | 34 (14, 59) | 0.772 |
| GGT, U/L | 71 (18, 449) | 69 (18, 334) | 98 (35, 449) | 0.348 |
| Weight-for-age z-score | −2.55 (−5.08, −0.81) | −2.10 (−4.29, −0.81) | −3.51 (−5.08, −2.05) | 0.002 |
| Height-for-age z-score | −3.10 (−5.85, −0.80) | −3.03 (−5.85, −1.09) | −3.73 (−5.13, −0.80) | 0.299 |
| Viral load, <400 copies/mL (%) | 20 (54) | 15 (60) | 5 (42) | 0.295 |
| CD4% | 14.7 (1.3, 33.3) | 15.8 (2.3, 33.0) | 13.1 (1.3, 33.3) | 0.175 |
| Fractions of Triomune tablets prescribed (mg of nevirapine) | ||||
| quarter OD (50) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 1 (8) | 0.297 |
| quarter BD (100) | 10 (27) | 5 (20) | 5 (42) | 0.125 |
| half OD + quarter OD (150) | 7 (19) | 5 (20) | 2 (17) | 1.000 |
| half BD (200) | 1 (3) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
| three-quarters OD + half OD (250) | 4 (11) | 3 (12) | 1 (8) | 1.000 |
| three-quarters BD (300) | 10 (27) | 7 (28) | 3 (25) | 0.688 |
| whole OD + three-quarters OD (350) | 1 (3) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
| whole BD (400) | 3 (8) | 3 (12) | 0 (0) | 0.540 |
| Total daily nevirapine dose | ||||
| mg | 200 (50, 400) | 250 (100, 400) | 125 (50, 300) | 0.058 |
| mg/m2 | 326.4 (203.2, 431.3) | 336.7 (273.4, 431.3) | 307.4 (203.2, 348.8) | 0.020 |
| <300 mg/m2 | 8 (22) | 3 (12) | 5 (42) | 0.083 |
| Total daily lamivudine dose, mg/kg | 11.0 (7.7, 13.4) | 11.0 (7.7, 13.4) | 11.1 (9.4, 12.8) | 0.537 |
| Total daily stavudine dose, mg/kg | 2.2 (1.5, 2.7) | 2.2 (1.5, 2.7) | 2.2 (1.9, 2.6) | 0.555 |
| Time between starting ART and sampling, weeks | 7.0 (5.9, 24.6) | 7.0 (6.0, 24.6) | 8.0 (5.9, 14.3) | 0.923 |
wt/ht, weight for height; BSA, body surface area; OD, once a day; BD, twice a day.
Values are given as median (range) with non-parametric P values (Mann–Whitney U-test) when comparing nutritional status for continuous variables; and as n (%) with P values (χ2 or Fisher's exact test) when comparing nutritional status for categorical variables.
BSA (m2) = 71.84 × weight (kg)0.425 × height (cm)0.725/10 000.