Table 1.
Effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on cholinergic parameters
| Model | PUFA | Duration | Effect | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SHRSP rats, 6 weeks old | DHA 1% or 5% (w/w) of diet | 14 weeks | Increased ACh in hippocampus and cortex | [41] |
| Wistar rat, 18 months | 75 mg DHA/ 100 g diet | 3 months | Increased basal and evoked ACh in hippocampus | [22] |
| Wistar rat, weanling | 2 or 3 g DHA/kg diet | 2–3 months | Higher maximal ACh release, lower basal release in hippocampus No effect on AChE |
[23] |
| CFY rats, weanling | Coconut, mustard, groundnut, safflower oil 20% (w/w) of diet | 16 weeks | Safflower and mustard oil lowered AChE activity in synaptosomes of cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem | [33] |
| Wistar rats, 10 weeks old | 300 mg DHA/ kg body weight | 12 weeks | No change in cortical synaptic plasma membrane AChE activity | [34] |
| Sprague–Dawley rats, young adult | Safflower oil 38% kcal of diet; fish oil 36% kcal of diet | 8 weeks | Safflower oil decreased M2/M4 receptor expression in striatum and hippocampus | [26] |