Figure 1.

Nesfatin-1 injected into the cerebrospinal fluid at different levels of the brain decreases dark-phase food intake in freely fed rats. A and B, Nesfatin-1 or vehicle was injected at the beginning of the dark phase in ad libitum fed rats chronically implanted with cannula either into the lateral brain ventricle, icv (A), or the 4v (B); C, injection ic was performed under short anesthesia in noncannulated rats. Cumulative food intake was monitored for 6 h after injection. Each bar represents the mean ± sem. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01 vs. vehicle.