Figure 3.

Synucleinopathies: a-d Lewy body disease (LBD); e & f Multiple system atrophy (MSA). Vulnerable neurons in LBD, such as the basal nucleus of Meynert (a) have dense round inclusions (Lewy bodies) as well as Lewy bodies with axons (a). In cases with dementia, there are also neuronal inclusions in cortical neurons (b), as well as many neurites in the hippocampus (c) and amygdala (d). The morphology of the neurites in the amygdala are often grain-like and have been referred to as Lewy dots to distinguish them from argyrophilic grains. In some cases there are sparse oligodendroglial inclusions (inset in d), which are clearly different from the glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCI) that are the hallmark of MSA (e). GCI are abundant in the basal ganglia, pons (e), medulla and cerebellum. In addition to GCI neuronal inclusions (arrow in f) are present in many cases and are usually most numerous in the pontine base (f) where they are accompanied by dystrophic neurites and synuclein positive fibrillar inclusions within some neuronal nuclei (inset).