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. 2009 May 8;1(3):300–311.

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Schematic diagram representing tight regulation of S. pneumoniae-induced MUC5AC mu-cin transcription via positive regulation by Ras-Raf-1-MEK1/2-ERK1/2-dependent AP-1 activation and negative regulation by MEKK3-JNKK1/ 2-JNK1/2-dependent AP-1 activation. Abbreviations: S. pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae; IRAK, interleukin-1-receptor-associated kinase; TRAF6, TNF receptor-associated factor 6; MEK, MAPK/ ERK kinase; ERK, extracellular signal regulated kinase; MEKK3, MAPK/ERK kinase kinase 3; JNKK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase kinase; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; ATF-2, activating transcription factor-2; AP-1, activating protein-1.