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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Nov 12.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2005 Sep;18(9):885–891. doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2005.06.004

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Case illustrates elevated end-diastolic pulmonary regurgitation (EDPR) gradient of 10 mm Hg before treatment for heart failure (A) and improvement 2 weeks later to 2.8 mm Hg (B). Left ventricular systolic function was normal in both studies, and parameters of diastolic function were consistent with impaired relaxation. Peak mitral flow velocity of early rapid filling wave (E)/peak velocity of late filling wave due to atrial contraction (A) (mitral E/A ratio) was 0.8 before treatment and 0.3 after treatment, and pulmonary venous signal was poor in both studies. EDPR gradient provided only definitive echocardiographic evidence of hemodynamic improvement.