Table 1.

Recent studies with more than 150 patients evaluating immunologic and virologic responses to highly active antiretroviral therapy stratifying by age.

Author	Study design	Follow-up	n	Age group	CD4 increases	Viral load after treatment	Ref.
Viard, (2001)	Cohort	24–36 months	1956 (total)	<33 ≥45	Time to increase in CD4 by more than 200 cells/mm3: Relative hazard 1.00 0.8 (0.7, 0.9)	NR	[74]
Knobel, (2001)	Cohort	24 months	671 28	≤40 ≥60	Mean increase (SD): 228 (145) 196 (100)	≤50: 51% 67%	[69]
Yamashita, (2001)	Cohort	3–33 months	397	<45 ≥45	Decreased 3-month CD4 response in those <45 years of age, no effect of age on 6-month CD4	<400: no difference by age group	[72]
Tumbarello, (2003)	Case– control		116 58	20–35 ≥50	Increase to CD4 > 200: 79.0 69.0 (p = ns)	≤50: 72% 79%; p = ns	[73]
Grabar, (2004)	Cohort	Median 32 months	2614 401	<50 ≥50	Mean increase in CD4: 17.3 cells/month 14.1 cells/month	≤500: 70.6% 76.6%	[68]
Tumbarello, (2004)	Case– Control	6 months–6 years	476 120	20–35 >50	Increase in CD4 to >200: 79.0 73.0 (p=ns)	<50: 75% 82%	[67]
COHERE, (2008)	Cohort		2593 1656 1613	50–54 55–59 ≥60	Time to increase to 100 cells/mm: greatest time in patients >60 years	Time to viral load <400: less time in patients <60 years >	[82]
Patterson, (2007)	Cohort	6 months	63 183	<50 ≥50		<400: 67% 75%	[136]
Silverberg, (2007)	Cohort	1 year	2259 1834 997	18–39 40–49 >50	Adjusted mean increase in CD4 at 1 year: 142 128 113	AHR of <500: 1.0 0.97 (0.89; 1.06) 1.07(0.95; 1.2)	[138]
Cuzin, (2007)	Cohort	6 mos	540 99	<50 ≥50	Median increase at 6 months: 100 104	NR	[137]
Bosch, (2007)	ALLRT Cohort	144 weeks	1083			Per 10 years age, ARR 1.05 (1.01–1.09) of viral load <50 at 144 weeks	[135]

ALLRT: AIDS longitudinal randomized trials; AHR: Adjusted hazard ratio; ARR: Adjusted rate ratio; NR: Not reported.