Table 2.
Baseline characteristics
| Protect group (n = 164) | Control group (n = 160) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Follow-up period (SD) | 14.0 (10.4) | 14.4 (8.5) | 1.000 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 126 (76.8) | 120 (75) | 0.700 |
| Age (SD) | 64.2 (11.7) | 64.2 (10.8) | 0.989 |
| Diabetes history, n (%) | 32 (19.5) | 25 (15.6) | 0.372 |
| NYHA class (SD) | 2.67 (0.59) | 2.66 (0.57) | 0.947 |
| Permanent AF, n (%) | 29 (17.7) | 23 (14.4) | 0.703 |
| QRS width (ms), (25th–75th) | 163 (135–183) | 160 (140–170) | 0.081 |
| LVEF (SD) | 24.6 (5.9) | 25.4 (5.3) | 0.269 |
| LVEDD (SD) | 70 (9) | 71 (13) | 0.727 |
| LVESD (SD) | 58 (10) | 58 (11) | 0.950 |
| LVEDV (SD) | 232 (70) | 246 (94) | 0.275 |
| LVESV (SD) | 168 (58) | 184 (76) | 0.184 |
| Mitral regurgitation, n (%) | 105 (64) | 108 (67.5) | 0.696 |
| ACE-inhibitors and/or ARB, n (%) | 121 (74) | 125 (78) | 0.220 |
| Beta-blockers, n (%) | 131 (80) | 117 (73) | 0.120 |
| Amiodarone, n (%) | 40 (26) | 49 (31) | 0.216 |
| Diuretics, n (%) | 139 (85) | 132 (83) | 0.514 |
| Digitalis, n (%) | 57 (35) | 51 (32) | 0.510 |
NYHA, New York Heart Association; AF, atrial fibrillation; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic diameter; LVEDV, left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVESV, left ventricular end-systolic volume.